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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (01) : 47 -50. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2023.01.009

临床研究

抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎患者的睡眠障碍研究
冯美娜1, 涂文仙1, 万明叶1, 杜远敏1,()   
  1. 1. 430015 武汉,武汉市长江航运总医院 武汉脑科医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-10 出版日期:2023-02-01
  • 通信作者: 杜远敏
  • 基金资助:
    武汉市医学科研项目(WX19C23)

Sleep disorders in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis

Meina Feng1, Wenxian Tu1, Mingye Wan1, Yuanmin Du1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan 430015, China
  • Received:2022-08-10 Published:2023-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Yuanmin Du
引用本文:

冯美娜, 涂文仙, 万明叶, 杜远敏. 抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎患者的睡眠障碍研究[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(01): 47-50.

Meina Feng, Wenxian Tu, Mingye Wan, Yuanmin Du. Sleep disorders in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(01): 47-50.

目的

探讨抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)脑炎患者的睡眠障碍情况。

方法

选取2014年1月至2021年1月在武汉市长江航运总医院门诊及住院收治的抗NMDAR脑炎恢复期患者12例,年龄和性别匹配的健康对照组12例。所有对象均进行体质量指数(BMI)评价及视频多导睡眠图(VPSG)监测,比较2组睡眠总时间、睡眠总效率、入睡潜伏期、非快速眼动(NREM)睡眠N1期占比、NREM睡眠N2期占比、NREM睡眠N3~4期占比、REM睡眠占比、意识模糊觉醒例数、周期性肢体运动、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2),评估抗NMDAR脑炎患者急性期及恢复期睡眠情况。

结果

抗NMDAR脑炎患者恢复期睡眠结构没有变化,但从VPSG记录显示,4例患者出现了多次意识模糊觉醒,意识模糊觉醒例数与健康对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.047);12例急性期患者中有7例表现失眠,占比58.3%,而在恢复期6例患者出现白天过度嗜睡,占比50.0%,2例出现失眠,仅占比16.7%。

结论

抗NMDAR脑炎患者会出现多种睡眠问题,从急性期到恢复期有睡眠模式的变化,急性期以失眠为主,恢复期出现白天过度嗜睡,在NREM睡眠期出现意识模糊觉醒。

Objective

To explore the sleep disorders in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis.

Methods

A total of 12 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis admitted to the outpatient department and inpatient department of Wuhan General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping in the recovery period were included. Twelve age- and sex-matched healthy participants were included as controls. All people were evaluated in body mass index (BMI) and video-polysomnography (VPSG). Data were compared between the two groups, including the total sleep time, total sleep efficiency, sleep latency, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep N1 period, NREM sleep N2 period, NREM sleep N 3 to 4 period, REM sleep, number of cases of blurred arousals, periodic limb movements, AHI, and LSaO2. The sleep status of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at acute and recovery stages were evaluated.

Results

The sleep structure of the patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis did not change during recovery. Four patients showed blurred arousal on V-PSG, compared with healthy controls. The number of cases of blurred arousals had a statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.047). In the acute stage, 7 cases (58.3%) showed insomnia; while during the recovery stage, 6 cases (50.0%) had hypersomnia, and only 2 cases (16.7%) showed insomnia.

Conclusion

Sleep disturbances are frequent in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. They show a temporal pattern, predominantly insomnia at onset and hypersomnia during recovery, and can occur with confusional arousals during NREM sleep.

表1 抗NMDAR脑炎组恢复期与健康对照组VPSG相关指标比较(
xˉ
±s
表2 12例抗NMDAR脑炎患者急性期与恢复期临床症状、睡眠情况
患者编号 急性期临床症状与睡眠情况 恢复期临床症状与睡眠情况 急性期/恢复期用药
1 烦躁、妄想、激越;失眠;ESS 6分 淡漠,食欲增大;白天过度嗜睡;ESS 12分 奥氮平/无
2 认知障碍、自主神经功能障碍、冲动行为;失眠;ESS 4分 冲动行为,食欲增大,乏力;ESS 5分 奥氮平/奥氮平
3 视幻觉、癫痫、激惹;失眠;ESS 4分 白天过度嗜睡;ESS 11分 左乙拉西坦、喹硫平/左乙拉西坦
4 致残行为、躁狂;失眠;ESS 7 淡漠 ,失眠;ESS 7分 奥氮平/奥氮平
5 癫痫、呼吸衰竭;嗜睡;ESS 8 记忆力下降,淡漠;白天过度嗜睡;ESS 16分 丙戊酸钠缓释片/丙戊酸钠缓释片
6 癫痫、记忆力下降、呼吸衰竭;嗜睡;ESS 8分 癫痫,记忆力下降,乏力;白天过度嗜睡;ESS 15分 奥卡西平/奥卡西平
7 记忆力下降、躁狂;ESS 2分 无;ESS 2分 奥氮平/无
8 自主神经功能障碍、认知障碍;ESS 5分 记忆力下降;失眠;ESS 4分
9 癫痫、躁狂、冲动行为、食欲增大;失眠;ESS 6分 癫痫;白天过度嗜睡;ESS 14分 丙戊酸钠缓释片、奥氮平/丙戊酸钠缓释片
10 认知障碍、烦躁、幻觉;嗜睡;ESS 4分 无;ESS 2分 奥氮平/无
11 躁狂、癫痫、食欲增大;失眠;ESS 5分 淡漠,食欲增大,体重增加;ESS 5分 左乙拉西坦、奥氮平/左乙拉西坦
12 记忆力下降、烦躁;失眠;ESS 2分 无;白天过度嗜睡;ESS 2分 阿普唑仑/无
1
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