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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 25 -31. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2025.01.005

临床研究

中老年糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值与脑微出血的关系分析
袁剑1, 赵佩1, 邓云1, 邵泽民1, 陈斐虹2, 杨帆3, 朱德生1,4,()   
  1. 1. 200436 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院宝山分院神经内科
    2. 200436 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院宝山分院肾内科
    3. 200436 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院宝山分院内分泌科
    4. 200127 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-04 出版日期:2025-02-01
  • 通信作者: 朱德生
  • 基金资助:
    上海市宝山区科学技术委员会医学卫生项目(21-E-07)上海市宝山区科学技术委员会医学卫生项目(2023-E-09)上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院宝山分院医学人才培养专项计划(rbxxrc-2023-010)

Relationship between urinary microalbumin/urinary creatinine ratio and cerebral microbleed in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients

Jian Yuan1, Pei Zhao1, Yun Deng1, Zemin Shao1, Feihong Chen2, Fan Yang3, Desheng Zhu1,4,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology,Renji Hospital baoshan branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200436, China
    2. Department of Nephrology,Renji Hospital baoshan branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200436, China
    3. Department of Endocrinology, Renji Hospital baoshan branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200436, China
    4. Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
  • Received:2024-08-04 Published:2025-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Desheng Zhu
引用本文:

袁剑, 赵佩, 邓云, 邵泽民, 陈斐虹, 杨帆, 朱德生. 中老年糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值与脑微出血的关系分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 25-31.

Jian Yuan, Pei Zhao, Yun Deng, Zemin Shao, Feihong Chen, Fan Yang, Desheng Zhu. Relationship between urinary microalbumin/urinary creatinine ratio and cerebral microbleed in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(01): 25-31.

目的

探讨中老年糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值(UACR)与脑微出血(CMB)的关系及其临床意义。

方法

回顾性分析2019年7月至2023年7月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院宝山分院神经内科、肾内科和内分泌科确诊的957例中老年糖尿病患者的临床资料。根据影像评估将患者分为糖尿病伴与不伴CMB组,比较组间的临床、生化特征,按UACR临界值分组(UACR正常组和偏高组)并比较组间CMB发生率的差异;采用Spearman相关分析UACR水平与CMB发生的关系,采用多因素二元Logistic回归分析及曲线拟合分析方法探索UACR和CMB的关系。

结果

11.7%(112/957)的中老年糖尿病患者伴发CMB,糖尿病伴CMB组和不伴CMB组患者之间年龄、舒张压、收缩压、体质量指数、病程、血红蛋白、血小板数量、谷丙转氨酶、甘油三酯比较差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。UACR偏高组CMB发生率高于正常组(18.16% vs 6.57%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=0.36,P<0.001);UACR水平与CMB发生呈正相关(r=0.183,P<0.001);多因素二元Logistic回归分析显示:调整混杂因素前后Log2 UACR水平对CMB发生的风险分别为OR=1.295(95%CI:1.182~1.418,P<0.001)、1.223(95%CI:1.034~1.445,P<0.001);曲线拟合分析显示Log2UACR水平与CMB发生概率呈现升高的曲线关系(χ2=28.428,P<0.001)。

结论

中老年糖尿病患者UACR升高与CMB发生密切相关,临床提示UACR水平升高可能是CMB发生的一个危险因素,并在评估CMB发生方面具有一定价值。

Objective

To investigate the relationship between urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR) and cerebral microbleed (CMB) in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients, and to explore its clinical significance.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 957 patients with diabetes diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Nephrology, and Endocrinology at Baoshan Branch of Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from July 2019 to July 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on imaging assessments: those with and without CMB. The clinical and biochemical characteristics between the two groups were compared, and the differences in the incidence of CMB were compared according to UACR the threshold values. Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis, and curve fitting analysis were used to explore the relationship between UACR and CMB.

Results

Among the middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients, 11.7% (112/957) were found to have CMB.There were statistically significant differences in age, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, hemoglobin, platelet count, alanine aminotransferase, and triglyceride between diabetic patients with CMB and those without CMB (all P<0.05). The incidence of CMB in patients with high or normal UACR were 18.16% and 6.57% respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=0.36, P<0.001).UACR levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of CMB (r=0.183, P<0.001). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that Log2UACR was associated with the risk of CMB, with odds ratios (OR)of 1.295 (95%CI: 1.182-1.418, P<0.001) and before 1.223 (95%CI: 1.034-1.445, P<0.001) after adjusting for confounding factors. Curve fitting analysis revealed an increasing relationship between Log2UACR levels and the probability of CMB (χ2=28.428, P<0.001).

Conclusion

Elevated UACR is closely related to the occurrence of CMB in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients. Clinical findings suggest that the increase of UACR level might be a risk factor for the occurrence of CMB and had a certain value in evaluating the likelihood of CMB occurrence.

表1 糖尿病患者是否伴发CMB组间临床特征比较
指标 糖尿病不伴CMB 组(n=845) 糖尿病伴CMB 组(n=112) 统计值 P
基本信息
男性[ 例(%)] 477(56.45) 70(62.50) χ 2=0.12 0.224
年龄(岁,xˉ±s) 62.46±7.32 64.15±2.79 t=0.31 0.015
舒张压(mmHg,xˉ±s) 77.53±11.42 83.71±13.28 t=0.50 <0.001
收缩压(mmHg,xˉ±s) 136.90±19.65 142.81±19.49 t=0.30 0.003
体质量指数(kg/m2xˉ±s) 25.66±3.59 27.72±4.73 t=0.49 <0.001
病程[ 月,MQR)] 57.00(1.00,149.00) 12.00(1.00,63.00) U=0.51 <0.001
饮食因素[ 例(%)]
平均每日摄入蔬菜300~500 g 246(29.11) 36(32.14) χ 2=0.07 0.509
平均每日摄入豆制品25~35 g 223(26.39) 30(26.79) χ 2=0.01 0.929
既往史[ 例(%)]
吸烟 401(47.46) 61(54.46) χ 2=0.14 0.163
饮酒 186(22.01) 35(31.25) χ 2=0.21 0.029
高血压 395(46.75) 49(43.75) χ 2=0.06 0.550
高血脂 126(14.91) 14(12.50) χ 2=0.07 0.497
高尿酸 22(2.60) 6(5.36) χ 2=0.14 0.104
生化指标
白细胞计数(×109/L,xˉ±s) 6.76±3.00 7.07±2.20 t=0.12 0.295
红细胞计数(×1012/L,xˉ±s) 4.72±1.85 4.94±0.49 t=0.16 0.274
血红蛋白(g/L,xˉ±s) 140.10±15.83 146.90±17.69 t=0.41 <0.001
血小板数量(×109/L,xˉ±s) 212.58±62.21 242.57±80.31 t=0.42 <0.001
谷丙转氨酶[g/L,MQR)] 20.00(16.00,26.00) 21.00(17.00,32.50) U=0.25 0.014
血白蛋白(g/L,xˉ±s) 42.03±6.80 42.35±7.48 t=0.05 0.643
尿酸(g/L,xˉ±s) 334.93±97.49 345.43±95.28 t=0.11 0.285
总胆固醇(mmol/L,xˉ±s) 4.81±1.35 4.89±1.32 t=0.06 0.545
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L,xˉ±s) 1.17±0.47 1.21±0.48 t=0.07 0.481
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L,xˉ±s) 3.12±0.91 3.17±0.87 t=0.05 0.597
甘油三酯[mmol/L,MQR)] 1.59(1.14,2.40) 21.00(17.00,32.50) U=0.21 0.031
糖化血红蛋白(%,xˉ±s) 9.34±2.31 9.72±2.33 t=0.16 0.106
UACR 偏高组[ 例(%)] 347(41.07) 77(68.75) χ 2=0.58 <0.001
UACR[mg/g,MQR)] 24.75(14.59,53.92) 48.02(24.01,100.73) U=0.41 <0.001
Log2UACR转换值(mg/g,xˉ±s) 5.02±1.78 6.11±2.24 t=0.54 <0.001
治疗药物[ 例(%)]
降糖药物 621(73.67) 87(77.68) χ 2=0.09 0.362
胰岛素 184(21.80) 16(14.68) χ 2=0.19 0.086
他汀类药物 81(9.59) 15(13.39) χ 2=0.12 0.208
抑制血小板聚集药物 402(47.57) 64(57.14) χ 2=0.19 0.057
降血压药物 292(34.56) 34(30.36) χ 2=0.09 0.378
表2 按UACR临床界值分组患者CMB发生数量比较[例(%)]
表3 糖尿病患者Log2UACR水平与CMB发生的多因素Logistic二元回归分析
图1 Log2UACR水平与脑微出血(CMB)发生概率的曲线拟合图 注:UACR为尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值(mg/g)实线表示拟合曲线,虚线表示相应的95%可信区间
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