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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (01) : 61 -67. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.01.009

临床研究

经颅多普勒超声在急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死机械取栓后的应用价值
钱海舟, 张珊珊, 殷琳玲, 吴智强, 汪露, 杨欢()   
  1. 432000 湖北 孝感,武汉科技大学附属孝感医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-06 出版日期:2026-02-01
  • 通信作者: 杨欢
  • 基金资助:
    孝感市自然科学计划基金(XGKJ2021010096)

Application value of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in postoperative management of acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke after mechanical thrombectomy

Haizhou Qian, Shanshan Zhang, Linling Yin, Zhiqiang Wu, Lu Wang, Huan Yang()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan 432000, China
  • Received:2025-10-06 Published:2026-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Huan Yang
引用本文:

钱海舟, 张珊珊, 殷琳玲, 吴智强, 汪露, 杨欢. 经颅多普勒超声在急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死机械取栓后的应用价值[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 61-67.

Haizhou Qian, Shanshan Zhang, Linling Yin, Zhiqiang Wu, Lu Wang, Huan Yang. Application value of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in postoperative management of acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke after mechanical thrombectomy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(01): 61-67.

目的

探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)在急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死机械取栓术后的应用价值。

方法

回顾性分析2021年5月至2024年1月在武汉科技大学附属孝感医院成功接受机械取栓治疗的80例急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死患者的临床资料,术后24 h内采用TCD评估患者病变侧收缩期血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)、平均血流速度(MFV)及搏动指数(PI),并以大脑中动脉PSV是否较对侧提高30%为标准将患者分为血流速度增快组(n=31)和血流速度正常组(n=49)。采用单因素分析(χ2检验、独立样本t检验和秩和检验)比较2组间各指标差异,并采用多因素二元Logistic回归分析确定病变侧血流速度增快的影响因素。

结果

血流速度正常组和血流速度增快组患者在抽吸联合支架取栓比例(87.75% vs 67.74%)、术后脑出血比例(4.08% vs 25.81%)、病变侧PSV[(100.76±9.84)cm/s vs(119.61±16.71)cm/s]、病变对侧PSV[(90.55±8.70)cm/s vs(85.16±11.15)cm/s]、病变侧EDV[(39.73±4.67)cm/s vs(43.65±5.81)cm/s]、病变对侧EDV[(35.71±3.95)cm/s vs(33.19±4.25)cm/s]、病变侧MFV[(60.08±6.64)cm/s vs(69.99±8.48)cm/s]、病变对侧MFV[(54.02±4.81)cm/s vs(50.45±6.13)cm/s]、病变侧PI(1.02±0.11 vs 1.10±0.13)及出院90 d改良Rankin量表评分≤2分患者占比(73.47% vs 48.39%)方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.753,P=0.029;χ2=8.193,P=0.004;t=5.690,P<0.001;t=2.287,P=0.026;t=3.318,P=0.018;t=2.700,P=0.008;t=5.655,P<0.001;t=2.905,P=0.005;t=3.022,P=0.003;χ2=5.169,P=0.023)。在校正相关因素后,多因素二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,抽吸联合支架取栓术与病变侧血流速度增快呈负相关(回归系数=-1.395,P=0.024),而术后脑出血与病变侧血流速度增快呈正相关(回归系数=1.898,P=0.031)。

结论

TCD可以实时监测机械取栓术后患者脑血流动力学的相关信息,用于床旁指导围手术期患者的个体化管理,术后PSV增快预示患者可能合并高灌注综合征或者脑出血。

Objective

To investigate the application value of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) in postoperative management of patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction who underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy at Xiaogan Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from May 2021 to January 2024. Within 24 hours postoperatively, TCD was used to assess the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), mean flow velocity (MFV), and pulsatility index (PI) of the affected hemisphere. Patients were categorized into increased flow velocity group (n=31) and normal flow velocity group (n=49) based on whether the ipsilateral PSV exceeded the contralateral side by >30%. Univariate analysis (χ2 test, independent sample t test and rank sum test) was used to compare the differences between the two groups, and multivariate binary Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of increased ipsilateral blood flow velocity.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between the increased flow velocity group and the normal flow velocity group in terms of the proportion of aspiration combined with stent thrombectomy [87.75% vs 67.74%; χ2=4.753, P=0.029], postoperative cerebral hemorrhage rate [4.08% vs 25.81%; χ2=8.193, P=0.004], affected side PSV [(100.76±9.84) cm/s vs (119.61±16.71) cm/s; t=5.690, P<0.001], contralateral side PSV [(90.55±8.70) cm/s vs (85.16±11.15) cm/s; t=2.287, P=0.026], affected side EDV [(39.73±4.67) cm/s vs (43.65±5.81) cm/s; t=3.318, P=0.018], contralateral side EDV [(35.71±3.95) cm/s vs (33.19±4.25) cm/s; t=2.700, P=0.008], affected side MFV [(60.08±6.64) cm/s vs (69.99±8.48) cm/s; t=5.655, P<0.001], contralateral side MFV [(54.02±4.81) cm/s vs (50.45±6.13) cm/s; t=2.905, P=0.005], affected side PI (1.02±0.11 vs 1.10±0.13; t=3.022, P=0.003), and the proportion of patients with an mRS score ≤2 at discharge 90 days (73.47% vs 48.39%; χ2=5.169, P=0.023). Multiple binary Logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for related factors, indicated that aspiration combined with stent thrombectomy was negatively correlated with the increase of blood flow velocity on the lesion side (β=-1.395, P=0.024), while postoperative cerebral hemorrhage was positively correlated with the blood flow velocity on the lesion side (β=1.898, P=0.031).

Conclusion

TCD can provide real-time monitoring of cerebral hemodynamic information following mechanical thrombectomy, which can be used for bedside guidance in personalized perioperative management. An increased PSV postoperatively suggests the possibility of hyperperfusion syndrome or cerebral hemorrhage in patients.

表1 2组急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死患者术前基线资料比较
变量 血流速度正常组(n=49) 血流速度增快组(n=31) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
±s
63.33±10.60 60.06±10.01 t=1.370 0.175
男性[例(%)] 33(67.35) 18(58.06) χ2=0.708 0.400
既往史[例(%)]
高血压 29(59.18) 19(61.29) χ2=0.035 0.851
糖尿病 5(10.20) 6(19.35) χ2=1.341 0.247
高脂血症 1(2.10) 0(0) χ2=0.000 >0.999
缺血性心脏病 6(12.24) 3(9.67) χ2=0.125 0.723
心房颤动 14(28.57) 7(22.58) χ2=0.352 0.553
缺血性脑卒中 2(4.08) 4(12.90) χ2=1.048 0.306
吸烟 10(20.41) 7(22.58) χ2=0.054 0.817
饮酒 5(10.20) 6(19.35) χ2=1.341 0.247
起病时间≤6 h[例(%)] 37(75.51) 23(74.19) χ2=0.018 0.895
入院时NIHSS评分(分,
±s
14.92±6.92 14.39±6.48 t=0.341 0.734
入院时收缩压(mmHg,
±s
151.57±21.67 151.90±24.93 t=0.063 0.950
入院时舒张压(mmHg,
±s
88.31±17.42 90.16±14.08 t=0.050 0.620
实验室检查
白细胞计数(×109/L,
±s
8.11±2.55 9.01±2.91 t=1.576 0.119
中性粒细胞计数(×109/L,
±s
6.39±2.15 7.29±3.01 t=1.553 0.124
红细胞计数(×109/L,
±s
4.46±0.62 4.43±0.50 t=0.186 0.853
血小板计数(×109/L,
±s
200.92±74.40 210.77±77.11 t=0.569 0.571
静脉随机血糖[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 6.48(5.89,7.44) 6.86(5.91,10.26) Z=1.294 0.196
总胆固醇[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 4.58(3.70,5.23) 4.67(4.09,5.51) Z=1.052 0.293
甘油三酯[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.25(0.88,1.93) 1.29(0.95,1.66) Z=0.044 0.965
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L,
±s
2.38±0.76 2.67±0.82 t=1.625 0.108
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L,
±s
1.24±0.38 1.18±0.34 t=0.672 0.504
表2 2组急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死患者手术及术后相关指标的比较
变量 血流速度正常组(n=49) 血流速度增快组(n=31) 统计值 P
桥接治疗[例(%)] 23(46.94) 16(51.61) χ2=0.166 0.684
抽吸联合支架取栓[例(%)] 43(87.75) 21(67.74) χ2=4.753 0.029
支架置入术[例(%)] 18(36.73) 9(29.03) χ2=0.504 0.478
穿刺到血管再通时间(min,
±s
65.59±28.44 58.23±31.48 t=1.083 0.282
术后脑出血[例(%)] 2(4.08) 8(25.81) χ2=8.193 0.004
术后血压(mmHg,
±s
收缩压 119.14±17.88 120.45±16.52 t=0.328 0.743
舒张压 72.71±11.66 69.74±11.48 t=1.117 0.267
TCD检查当天血压(mmHg,
±s
收缩压 119.31±12.99 122.19±20.90 t=0.689 0.494
舒张压 70.65±10.40 68.94±9.63 t=0.741 0.461
术后TCD
病变侧PSV(cm/s,
±s
100.76±9.84 119.61±16.71 t=5.690 <0.001
病变对侧PSV(cm/s,
±s
90.55±8.70 85.16±11.15 t=2.287 0.026
病变侧EDV(cm/s,
±s
39.73±4.67 43.65±5.81 t=3.318 0.018
病变对侧EDV(cm/s,
±s
35.71±3.95 33.19±4.25 t=2.700 0.008
病变侧MFV(cm/s,
±s
60.08±6.64 69.99±8.48 t=5.655 <0.001
病变对侧MFV(cm/s,
±s
54.02±4.81 50.45±6.13 t=2.905 0.005
病变侧PI(
±s
1.02±0.11 1.10±0.13 t=3.022 0.003
病变对侧PI(
±s
1.02±0.11 1.03±0.10 t=0.442 0.660
功能评分
术后24 h NIHSS评分(分,
±s
11.69±7.44 12.39±7.59 t=0.403 0.688
出院时NIHSS评分(分,
±s
6.49±4.93 7.87±5.46 t=1.171 0.245
出院时mRS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 3(2,4) 4(2,4) Z=0.792 0.428
出院90 d mRS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 2(0,3) 3(0,3) Z=1.412 0.158
出院90 d mRS评分≤2分占比[例(%)] 36(73.47) 15(48.39) χ2=5.169 0.023
表3 急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死患者病变侧血流速度增快的多因素二元Logistic回归分析结果
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