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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 365 -371. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.04.003

论著

胆固醇-高密度脂蛋白胆固醇-葡萄糖指数对急性基底动脉闭塞行血管内治疗后临床结局的预测价值
严志忠1, 张旭1, 陈军辉1, 操加明1, 赵麒文1, 沈浏艳1, 时忠华1, 杨清武2,(), 王玉海1,()   
  1. 1 214000 江苏无锡,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院神经外科
    2 400037 重庆,陆军军医大学第二附属医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-08 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 杨清武, 王玉海
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(82320108006); 后勤自主科研项目(C24LBJ003); 联勤保障部队第904医院自主科研项目(ZZ2025002)

Predictive value of the cholesterol-high density lipoprotein cholesterol-glucose index for clinical outcomes in patients undergoing thrombectomy for acute basilar artery occlusion

Zhizhong Yan1, Xu Zhang1, Junhui Chen1, Jiaming Cao1, Qiwen Zhao1, Liuyan Shen1, Zhonghua Shi1, Qingwu Yang2,(), Yuhai Wang1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuxi 214000, China
    2 Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
  • Received:2026-07-08 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Qingwu Yang, Yuhai Wang
引用本文:

严志忠, 张旭, 陈军辉, 操加明, 赵麒文, 沈浏艳, 时忠华, 杨清武, 王玉海. 胆固醇-高密度脂蛋白胆固醇-葡萄糖指数对急性基底动脉闭塞行血管内治疗后临床结局的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 365-371.

Zhizhong Yan, Xu Zhang, Junhui Chen, Jiaming Cao, Qiwen Zhao, Liuyan Shen, Zhonghua Shi, Qingwu Yang, Yuhai Wang. Predictive value of the cholesterol-high density lipoprotein cholesterol-glucose index for clinical outcomes in patients undergoing thrombectomy for acute basilar artery occlusion[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 365-371.

目的

探讨胆固醇-高密度脂蛋白胆固醇-葡萄糖(CHG)指数对急性基底动脉闭塞(aBAO)患者行血管内治疗(EVT)后临床结局的预测价值。

方法

数据来源为前瞻性注册研究BASILAR队列。根据入院时CHG指数的四分位数将所有患者分为4组,分别为Q1组(-0.25~3.68)、Q2组(>3.68~4.25)、Q3组(>4.25~4.82)和Q4组(>4.82~7.91)。随访时间为术后1年。主要结局指标为术后1年良好功能预后[改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分≤3的患者比例];次要疗效终点为术后90 d良好功能预后;安全性终点包括术后90 d全因病死率、术后48 h内症状性颅内出血及手术相关并发症等。服从正态分布的计量资料组间比较采用单因素方差分析,不服从正态分布的计量资料组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验;计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确概率法检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析CHG指数与不良功能预后(mRS评分>3分)的关联,并计算OR值及95%置信区间(CI)。

结果

本研究共纳入接受EVT的aBAO患者396例,Q1组、Q2组、Q3组和Q4组每组患者人数为99例。Q1~Q4组患者的年龄、吸烟史占比、高血压病史占比、2型糖尿病史占比、高脂血症史占比、尿酸、血脂各组分、血糖、糖化血红蛋白及凝血功能指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。在临床结局方面,随着CHG指数升高,血管成功再通率(改良脑梗死溶栓分级2c~3级;Q1组、Q2组、Q3组和Q4组分别为68.69%、68.69%、57.58%和48.48%)和术后1年良好功能预后率(Q1组、Q2组、Q3组和Q4组分别为48.48%、44.44%、32.32%和31.31%)均呈显著下降趋势,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=11.905、9.276,P=0.008、0.026)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:在校正混杂因素后,CHG指数每增加1个标准差,不良预后风险增加41%(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.13~1.76,P=0.002)。

结论

CHG指数升高可能是aBAO患者行EVT术后1年功能预后不良的独立预测因素。术前评估CHG指数有助于临床精准风险分层。

Objective

To explore the predictive value of the cholesterol-high density lipoprotein cholesterol-glucose (CHG) index for outcomes in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (aBAO) undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods

Data were derived from the prospective BASILAR registry study. Patients were stratified into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on the admission CHG index: Q1 (-0.25 to 3.68), Q2 (>3.68 to 4.25), Q3 (>4.25 to 4.82), and Q4 (>4.82 to 7.91). The follow-up period was 1 year post-EVT. The primary outcome was favorable functional outcome at 1 year post-EVT, defined as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score ≤3. Secondary outcomes included favorable functional outcome at 90-day after EVT. Safety endpoints comprised 90-day all-cause mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 48 hours, and procedure-related complications. Normally distributed continuous data were compared across groups using one-way ANOVA, whereas non-normally distributed data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the CHG index and poor functional outcome (mRS score >3) by odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

A total of 396 aBAO patients treated with EVT were included, with 99 patients in each quartile. Significant differences were observed among the quartiles in age, smoking history, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, uric acid, lipid profile, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and coagulation indicators (all P<0.05). Regarding clinical outcomes, both the successful recanalization rate [modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) scale 2c-3: 68.69%, 68.69%, 57.58%, and 48.48% for Q1-Q4, respectively; χ2=11.905, P=0.008] and the rate of favorable functional outcome at 1 year (48.48%, 44.44%, 32.32%, and 31.31%; χ2=9.276, P=0.026) exhibited a significant decreasing trend with increasing CHG index. Multivariate logistic regression showed that each 1-standard-deviation increase in the CHG index was associated with a 41% increased risk of poor outcome (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.13-1.76, P=0.002).

Conclusion

An elevated CHG index may serve as an independent predictor of poor 1-year functional outcomes in aBAO patients undergoing EVT. Preoperative assessment of the CHG index might facilitate clinical risk stratification.

表1 4组接受血管内治疗的急性基底动脉闭塞患者基线资料比较
项目 Q1组(n=99) Q2组(n=99) Q3组(n=99) Q4组(n=99) 统计值 P
CHG指数(
±s
3.25±0.48 3.95±0.16 4.52±0.16 5.35±0.46 F=628.702 <0.001
年龄(岁,
±s
66.03±12.83 64.42±10.65 62.43±11.75 61.42±12.29 F=2.996 0.042
男性[例(%)] 73(73.74) 78(78.79) 76(76.77) 77(77.78) χ2=0.793 0.851
发病前mRS评分[例(%)] χ2=3.981 0.651
0 80(80.81) 86(86.87) 86(86.87) 82(82.83)
1 12(12.12) 11(11.11) 8(8.08) 11(11.11)
2 7(7.07) 2(2.02) 5(5.05) 6(6.06)
基线NIHSS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 25.00(15.00,32.00) 24.00(14.00,33.00) 28.00(17.00,33.00) 27.00(18.00,33.00) H=0.586 0.769
既往史[例(%)]
缺血性脑卒中 15(15.15) 26(26.26) 26(26.26) 23(23.23) χ2=4.659 0.199
吸烟 28(28.28) 39(39.39) 33(33.33) 48(48.48) χ2=9.581 0.022
高血压病 56(56.57) 73(73.74) 65(65.66) 80(80.81) χ2=15.211 0.002
2型糖尿病 9(9.09) 13(13.13) 19(19.19) 43(43.43) χ2=42.066 <0.001
高脂血症 19(19.19) 33(33.33) 36(36.36) 77(77.78) χ2=77.662 <0.001
冠心病 17(17.17) 13(13.13) 16(16.16) 12(12.12) χ2=1.374 0.712
心房颤动 23(23.23) 20(20.20) 15(15.15) 17(17.17) χ2=2.418 0.490
实验室检查指标
肌酐(μmol/L,
±s
78.92±24.93 79.78±43.08 82.86±39.22 82.82±33.24 F=0.315 0.815
尿酸(μmol/L,
±s
321.82±118.44 322.12±114.51 354.27±117.57 378.33±124.71 F=4.606 0.005
甘油三酯(mmol/L,
±s
0.68±0.24 1.00±0.29 1.53±0.46 2.85±2.08 F=77.549 <0.001
总胆固醇(mmol/L,
±s
4.31±1.29 4.64±1.22 4.88±1.45 5.06±1.53 F=5.494 0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L,
±s
1.46±0.39 1.23±0.29 1.13±0.28 1.03±0.24 F=36.234 <0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L,
±s
2.47±1.03 2.86±0.95 3.06±1.25 3.13±1.11 F=7.251 <0.001
血糖(mmol/L,
±s
6.72±1.84 7.64±2.82 7.91±2.37 10.20±4.06 F=26.619 <0.001
糖化血红蛋白(%,
±s
5.93±0.79 5.92±0.87 6.36±1.34 7.20±1.84 F=13.956 <0.001
凝血酶原时间(s,
±s
12.70±2.81 12.50±1.53 11.91±1.40 12.12±2.61 F=2.555 0.020
活化部分凝血酶原时间(s,
±s
35.60±18.40 33.10±14.10 28.61±6.50 28.03±7.51 F=2.551 <0.001
国际标准化比值(
±s
1.08±0.24 1.05±0.10 1.01±0.11 1.03±0.23 F=2.545 0.013
静脉溶栓治疗[例(%)] 16(16.16) 12(12.12) 26(26.26) 16(16.16) χ2=7.427 0.410
血管闭塞部位[例(%)] χ2=13.725 0.132
基底动脉远端 42(42.42) 33(33.33) 28(28.28) 30(30.30)
基底动脉中段 31(31.31) 28(28.28) 27(27.27) 28(28.28)
基底动脉近端 14(14.14) 12(12.12) 23(23.23) 21(21.21)
椎动脉V4段 12(12.12) 26(26.26) 21(21.21) 20(20.20)
pc-ASPECTS[分,MQ1Q3)] 8.00(7.00,9.00) 8.00(7.00,9.00) 8.00(7.00,9.00) 8.00(7.00,9.00) H=1.199 0.309
BATMAN评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 4.00(3.00,5.00) 4.00(2.00,6.00) 4.00(3.00,6.00) 4.00(3.00,5.50) H=0.188 0.904
发病至血管穿刺时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 318.00(224.75,408.25) 319.00(203.00,539.00) 296.00(197.50,479.75) 314.50(211.25,480.00) H=1.939 0.122
发病至血管再通时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 424.50(334.50,586.50) 445.50(312.50,707.50) 422.50(307.00,606.25) 424.00(312.75,624.75) H=1.928 0.124
穿刺至血管再通时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 93.50(62.25,140.75) 114.00(74.00,150.50) 107.00(77.25,143.00) 108.50(68.50,167.00) H=0.888 0.447
发病至入院时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 197.00(112.00,318.00) 190.50(121.50,407.75) 213.00(92.25,353.25) 200.00(113.00,364.00) H=1.366 0.254
入院至影像学诊断时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 30.00(27.50,30.00) 30.00(29.00,30.50) 30.00(29.00,36.50) 30.00(29.50,34.50) H=2.325 0.074
表2 4组接受血管内治疗的急性基底动脉闭塞患者临床预后比较[例(%)]
项目 Q1组(n=99) Q2组(n=99) Q3组(n=99) Q4组(n=99) 统计值 P
术后1年mRS评分0~3分 48(48.48) 44(44.44) 32(32.32) 31(31.31) χ2=9.276 0.026
术后1年mRS评分0~2分 42(42.42) 38(38.38) 30(30.30) 27(27.27) χ2=6.462 0.091
术后1年mRS评分0~1分 32(32.32) 26(26.26) 24(24.24) 21(21.21) χ2=3.398 0.334
术后1年死亡 44(44.44) 44(44.44) 47(47.47) 51(51.52) χ2=1.251 0.741
术后90 d mRS评分0~3分 35(35.35) 41(41.41) 33(33.33) 33(33.33) χ2=1.888 0.596
术后90 d mRS评分0~2分 31(31.31) 35(35.35) 31(31.31) 24(24.24) χ2=2.987 0.394
术后90 d mRS评分0~1分 27(27.27) 29(29.29) 25(25.25) 14(14.14) χ2=7.464 0.024
术后90 d死亡 37(37.37) 37(37.37) 41(41.41) 47(47.47) χ2=2.800 0.424
mTICI 2c~3级 68(68.69) 68(68.69) 57(57.58) 48(48.48) χ2=11.905 0.008
sICH 3(3.03) 7(7.07) 9(9.09) 9(9.09) χ2=3.689 0.297
手术相关并发症
血管穿孔 0(0) 1(1.01) 0(0) 2(2.02) - 0.622
动脉夹层 1(1.01) 1(1.01) 4(4.04) 0(0) - 0.109
远端栓塞 3(3.03) 4(4.04) 4(4.04) 6(6.06) - 0.794
严重不良事件
肺部感染 70(70.71) 68(68.69) 74(74.75) 68(68.69) χ2=1.170 0.760
呼吸衰竭 35(35.35) 33(33.33) 39(39.39) 43(43.43) χ2=2.533 0.469
循环衰竭 17(17.17) 17(17.17) 23(23.23) 27(27.27) χ2=4.352 0.226
静脉栓塞 9(9.09) 6(6.06) 11(11.11) 7(7.07) χ2=1.950 0.583
表3 CHG指数与急性基底动脉闭塞患者行血管内治疗术后1年良好功能预后的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
1
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