切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 287 -293. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.03.008

临床研究

急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓前血栓迁移与临床资料的相关性
吴嶛, 蔡诗昆, 左鹏, 倪贵华, 倪小宇()   
  1. 223300 江苏淮安,南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-21 出版日期:2026-06-01
  • 通信作者: 倪小宇
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技信息资源综合利用与公共服务中心(STI)数字医疗开放基金项目(2026STI320); 南京医科大学科技发展基金(NMUB20240106)

Correlation between thrombus migration before mechanical thrombectomy and clinical data in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Liao Wu, Shikun Cai, Peng Zuo, Guihua Ni, Xiaoyu Ni()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, China
  • Received:2025-12-21 Published:2026-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyu Ni
引用本文:

吴嶛, 蔡诗昆, 左鹏, 倪贵华, 倪小宇. 急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓前血栓迁移与临床资料的相关性[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 287-293.

Liao Wu, Shikun Cai, Peng Zuo, Guihua Ni, Xiaoyu Ni. Correlation between thrombus migration before mechanical thrombectomy and clinical data in patients with acute ischemic stroke[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 287-293.

目的

探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)机械取栓前血栓迁移与静脉溶栓的关系,及其对手术过程和临床预后的影响。

方法

收集2020年1月至2024年12月南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院神经内科收治的378例接受机械取栓的前循环AIS患者纳入研究,根据血栓迁移情况[入院头颅CT血管成像(CTA)血栓位置与取栓前数字减影血管造影(DSA)血栓位置的变化]将患者分为血栓迁移组(n=63)和血栓稳定组(n=315)。采用t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、χ2检验比较2组患者的基线临床特征、手术过程及90 d预后的差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选血栓迁移的独立影响因素。

结果

2组AIS患者在年龄、性别、既往史、基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、基线Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分(ASPECTS)、CTA血栓位置、时间节段、取栓次数、血管再通情况、症状性颅内出血等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。与血栓稳定组患者相比,血栓迁移组患者的心源性栓塞型病因比例更少(31.75% vs 46.67%),而使用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓(49.21% vs 28.57%)、支架取栓(88.89% vs 75.24%)和90 d预后良好(68.25% vs 52.70%)的比例更高,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.739、10.271、5.613、5.139,P=0.030、0.001、0.018、0.023)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:心源性栓塞型病因为血栓迁移的独立保护因素(OR=0.543,95%CI:0.302~0.974,P=0.041),rt-PA静脉溶栓为血栓迁移的独立危险因素(OR=2.424,95%CI:1.382~4.252,P=0.002)。

结论

急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓前血栓迁移不影响血管再通效果,但与患者90 d预后良好相关。心源性栓塞型病因可降低血栓迁移风险,而rt-PA静脉溶栓会增加血栓迁移风险。

Objective

To explore the relationship between thrombus migration before mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), as well as its impact on the surgical process and clinical prognosis.

Methods

A total of 378 patients with anterior circulation AIS who underwent mechanical thrombectomy in the Department of Neurology, Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2024 were enrolled in the study. According to the status of thrombus migration [changes in thrombus location between admission cranial CT angiography (CTA) and pre-thrombectomy digital subtraction angiography (DSA)], the patients were divided into the thrombus migration group (n=63) and the thrombus stability group (n=315). T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in baseline clinical characteristics, surgical process, and 90-day prognosis between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent influencing factors of thrombus migration.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, gender, past medical history, baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score, baseline Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS), CTA thrombus location, time intervals, number of thrombectomy attempts, vascular recanalization status, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and other aspects (all P>0.05). Compared with the thrombus stability group, the thrombus migration group had a lower proportion of cardioembolic etiology (31.75% vs 46.67%), while a higher proportion of patients received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis (49.21% vs 28.57%), underwent stent thrombectomy (88.89% vs 75.24%), and achieved good 90-day prognosis (68.25% vs 52.70%), with statistically significant differences (χ2=4.739, 10.271, 5.613, 5.139; P=0.030, 0.001, 0.018, 0.023). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that cardioembolic etiology was an independent protective factor for thrombus migration (OR=0.543, 95%CI: 0.302 – 0.974, P=0.041), and rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis was an independent risk factor for thrombus migration (OR=2.424, 95%CI: 1.382 – 4.252, P=0.002).

Conclusion

Thrombus migration before mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke does not affect vascular recanalization outcomes, but is associated with good 90-day prognosis. Cardioembolic etiology can reduce the risk of thrombus migration, while rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis can increase this risk.

表1 急性缺血性脑卒中患者血栓迁移分布情况(例)
表2 2组急性缺血性脑卒中患者基线特征、手术过程及90 d预后比较
项目 血栓迁移组(n=63) 血栓稳定组(n=315) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
±s
66.52±12.49 65.32±13.68 t=0.645 0.520
男性[例(%)] 36(57.14) 191(60.63) χ2=0.267 0.605
既往史[例(%)]
脑卒中或TIA 4(6.35) 24(7.62) χ2=0.008 0.930
高血压 41(65.08) 183(58.10) χ2=1.061 0.303
糖尿病 18(28.57) 96(30.48) χ2=0.090 0.764
高脂血症 9(14.29) 50(15.87) χ2=0.100 0.751
心房颤动 24(38.10) 156(49.52) χ2=2.749 0.097
基线NIHSS评分(分,
±s
16.73±7.25 17.63±6.38 t=0.998 0.319
基线ASPECTS(分,
±s
7.76±1.04 7.68±1.11 t=0.528 0.598
TOAST病因分型[例(%)] χ2=4.739 0.030
非心源性栓塞型 43(68.25) 168(53.33)
心源性栓塞型 20(31.75) 147(46.67)
CTA血栓位置[例(%)] χ2=1.193 0.551
颈内动脉 16(25.40) 102(32.38)
大脑中动脉 45(71.43) 204(64.76)
大脑前动脉 2(3.17) 9(2.86)
rt-PA静脉溶栓[例(%)] 31(49.21) 90(28.57) χ2=10.271 0.001
时间节段[min,MQ1Q3)]
CTA至首次DSA时间 58(48,69) 61(50,72) Z=-1.369 0.135
发病至股动脉穿刺时间 211(153,333) 223(156,328) Z=-0.195 0.842
穿刺至血管再通时间 60(50,65) 50(35,85) Z=-0.354 0.723
取栓次数[次,MQ1Q3)] 2(1,3) 2(1,3) Z=-0.439 0.661
取栓技术[例(%)] χ2=5.613 0.018
支架取栓 56(88.89) 237(75.24)
抽吸取栓 7(11.11) 78(24.76)
mTICI[例(%)]
≥2b级 51(80.95) 268(85.08) χ2=0.679 0.410
3级 30(47.62) 173(54.92) χ2=1.126 0.289
90 d mRS评分[例(%)] χ2=5.139 0.023
0~2分 43(68.25) 166(52.70)
≥3分 20(31.75) 149(47.30)
症状性颅内出血[例(%)] 5(7.94) 31(9.84) χ2=0.221 0.638
表3 急性缺血性脑卒中患者血栓迁移的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
1
Feigin VL, Abate MD, Abate YH, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [J]. Lancet, 2024, 23(10): 973-1003.
2
Patil S, Darcourt J, Messina P, et al. Characterising acute ischaemic stroke thrombi: insights from histology, imaging and emerging impedance-based technologies [J]. Stroke Vasc Neurol, 2022, 7(4): 353-363.
3
Zhang P, Chen P, Xu Y, et al. Whether mTICI 3 or mTICI 2b is better in patients with vertebrobasilar artery occlusion undergoing endovascular treatment depends on pc-ASPECTS [J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2025, 17(e2): e365-e373.
4
Xu Y, Alexandre AM, Pedicelli A, et al. Predicting symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular treatment of vertebrobasilar artery occlusion: PEACE score [J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2026, 18(2): 426-435.
5
Huang ZX, Alexandre AM, Pedicelli A, et al. AI prediction model for endovascular treatment of vertebrobasilar occlusion with atrial fibrillation [J]. NPJ Digit Med, 2025, 8(1): 78.
6
Ohara T, Menon BK, Al-Ajlan FS, et al. Thrombus migration and fragmentation after intravenous alteplase treatment: the INTERRSeCT study [J]. Stroke, 2021, 52(1): 203-212.
7
Fregona V, Luraghi G, Fereidoonnezhad B, et al. Impact of thrombus composition on virtual thrombectomy procedures using human clot analogues mechanical data [J]. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2025, 163: 106886.
8
Kaesmacher J, Maegerlein C, Kaesmacher M, et al. Thrombus migration in the middle cerebral artery: Incidence, imaging signs, and impact on success of endovascular thrombectomy [J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2017, 6(2): e005149.
9
Baik SH, Kwak HS, Hwang SB, et al. Manual aspiration thrombectomy using a Penumbra catheter in patients with acute migrated MCA occlusion [J]. Interv Neuroradiol, 2017, 23(2): 173-179.
10
Ren Y, Churilov L, Mitchell P, et al. Clot migration is associated with intravenous thrombolysis in the setting of acute ischemic stroke [J]. Stroke, 2018, 49(12): 3060-3062.
11
Maegerlein C, Friedrich B, Berndt M, et al. Impact of histological thrombus composition on preinterventional thrombus migration in patients with acute occlusions of the middle cerebral artery [J]. Interv Neuroradiol, 2018, 24(1): 70-75.
12
Riegler C, Siebert E, Kleine JF, et al. Thrombus migration in ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion: a question of time [J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2023, 15(e2): e216-e222.
13
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国急性缺血性卒中诊治指南2023 [J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2024, 57(6): 523-559.
14
中国卒中学会, 中国卒中学会神经介入分会, 中华预防医学会卒中预防与控制专业委员会介入学组. 急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗中国指南2023 [J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2023, 18(6): 684-711.
15
梁文雯, 李征, 万敏, 等. 急性缺血性卒中再灌注治疗后出血转化的研究进展 [J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志 (电子版), 2024, 18(1): 71-80.
16
Sporns PB, Krähling H, Psychogios MN, et al. Small thrombus size, thrombus composition, and poor collaterals predict pre-interventional thrombus migration [J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2021, 13(5): 409-414.
17
Alves HC, Treurniet KM, Jansen IGH, et al. Thrombus migration paradox in patients with acute ischemic stroke [J]. Stroke, 2019, 50(11): 3156-3163.
18
吴嶛, 倪小宇, 张笑天, 等. rt-PA静脉溶栓对急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓后血栓的影响 [J]. 中华神经医学杂志, 2023, 22(8): 780-785.
19
Staessens S, François O, Brinjikji W, et al. Studying stroke thrombus composition after thrombectomy: what can we learn? [J]. Stroke, 2021, 52(11): 3718-3727.
20
Vandelanotte S, François O, Desender L, et al. R-tPA resistance is specific for platelet-rich stroke thrombi and can be overcome by targeting nonfibrin components [J]. Stroke, 2024, 55(5): 1181-1190.
21
Sporns PB, Jeibmann A, Minnerup J, et al. Histological clot composition is associated with preinterventional clot migration in acute stroke patients [J]. Stroke, 2019, 50(8): 2065-2071.
22
Staessens S, Vandelanotte S, François O, et al. Association between thrombus composition and etiology in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated by thrombectomy [J]. Stroke, 2025, 56(4): 1026-1035.
23
Flint AC, Avins AL, Eaton A, et al. Risk of distal embolization from tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) administration prior to endovascular stroke treatment [J]. Stroke, 2020, 51(9): 2697-2704.
24
Rossi R, Molina S, Mereuta OM, et al. Does prior administration of rtPA influence acute ischemic stroke clot composition? Findings from the analysis of clots retrieved with mechanical thrombectomy from the RESTORE registry [J]. J Neurol, 2022, 269(4): 1913-1920.
25
Riegler C, Von Rennenberg R, Bollweg K, et al. Endovascular therapy in patients with internal carotid artery occlusion and patent circle of Willis [J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2024, 16(7): 644-651.
26
Tan Z, Zhang L, Huang L, et al. Thrombus migration in patients with acute ischaemic stroke undergoing endovascular thrombectomy [J]. Stroke Vasc Neurol, 2024, 9(2): 126-133.
27
李伟, 王清波, 马飞飞, 等. 支架取栓与血栓直接抽吸技术在急性脑动脉闭塞再通中的疗效比较 [J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(2): 102-106.
[1] 黄任远, 陈丽华, 徐文颖, 许振华. 外周血PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路与急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓后出血转化的关系[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(01): 40-45.
[2] 宋丽娜, 安鹏. CTP跨时相放射组学模型预测急性脑梗死溶栓后出血转化风险[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(06): 342-351.
[3] 刘佳成, 许晓辉, 杜艳姣, 张云亭, 段智慧. 载脂蛋白E基因多态性对急性缺血性脑卒中后抑郁的影响[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(04): 220-226.
[4] 侯志博, 张苗, 卢洁. 多延迟动脉自旋标记成像在急性缺血性脑卒中灌注评估中的研究进展与临床应用[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(06): 454-460.
[5] 柳云鹏, 贾建文, 黄菊梅, 汪阳. 早期血压变异性对大血管闭塞性急性缺血性脑卒中术后神经功能恢复的影响[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 274-279.
[6] 李丽娜, 彭滢, 巩俪, 郑志东. 血清脂蛋白(a)、载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A1比值与急性脑梗死阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗预后的关系[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 178-184.
[7] 霍俊艳, 朱翠婷, 何明月, 胡秀朝, 王韵. 急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时营养风险的影响因素[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 170-177.
[8] 单子恒, 王帆, 马丽, 张涛, 邵丽. 头颈部CT血管成像联合头颅CT灌注成像评估急性缺血性脑卒中患者短期预后的效能[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 164-169.
[9] 黄秋慧, 邓旭辉, 黄华, 梁志坚. 超24 h急性缺血性脑卒中患者血管内取栓治疗的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 96-100.
[10] 钱海舟, 张珊珊, 殷琳玲, 吴智强, 汪露, 杨欢. 经颅多普勒超声在急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑梗死机械取栓后的应用价值[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 61-67.
[11] 王琳, 霍鸿波, 李可静, 边毓尧, 徐正虎, 王恒, 刘翠翠. 老年急性大血管闭塞性卒中患者支架取栓中长期预后及其影响因素[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(06): 511-518.
[12] 张克玲, 于丹. 急性缺血性卒中再灌注治疗的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(06): 532-537.
[13] 刘锦, 张婕, 刘松, 马丹, 韩剑虹. 2019—2022年昆明市二、三级医院卒中中心急性缺血性卒中静脉溶栓指标分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 397-403.
[14] 李扬, 王阳, 师瑞, 张潇, 李德帅, 魏东. 急性重症颅内静脉窦血栓患者血管内介入治疗的安全性和有效性[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 388-396.
[15] 任怡, 赵佳鹏, 马青峰. 北京地区参与急性缺血性卒中救治的医师对轻型缺血性卒中知信行现状的分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 382-387.
阅读次数
全文


摘要


AI


AI小编
你好!我是《中华医学电子期刊资源库》AI小编,有什么可以帮您的吗?