Abstract:

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication in stroke survivors,significantly reducing their quality of life and impairing long-term prognosis.Disability and mortality rates associated with PSCI increase with age.In clinical practice, conditions such as post-stroke delirium and transient cognitive impairment may resolve early, whereas PSCI diagnosis typically requires cognitive assessment conducted 3-6 months after stroke.Delaying intervention until a definitive PSCI diagnosis is confirmed may result in missing the optimal treatment window.Therefore, thorough understanding of PSCI risk factors, early screening of acute stroke patients, development of prediction models, and early identification of high-risk individuals for specialized management can improve outcomes for PSCI patients.This review summarizes recent progress on PSCI risk factors across three domains: neuropsychological assessment scales, neuroimaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, brain networks),and blood biomarkers.Additionally, it evaluates the advantages and limitations of clinical prediction models constructed using key, easily accessible risk factors, aiming to provide insights for early identification and management of high-risk PSCI populations.

Key words: Post-stroke cognitive impairment, Risk factors, Clinical predictive model