Analysis of influencing factors for oral frailty in elderly hospitalized patients with stroke

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.01.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly stroke inpatients.

Methods

A total of 189 elderly stroke patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of the Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from January to April 2025 were included. They were divided into a non-oral frailty group (75 cases, score <4) and an oral frailty group (114 cases, score ≥ 4) based on their scores on the Chinese version of the oral frailty screening scale for the elderly. General data, mini-mental state examination scores, activities of daily living scale (ADL) scores, and other indicators were collected from both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate analysis and multiple binary Logistic regression analysis.

Results

The incidence rate of oral frailty among elderly stroke inpatients was 60.32% (114/189). Univariate analysis indicated significant differences in age, educational level, family residence, average monthly income, cognitive function, comorbid underlying diseases, polypharmacy, and ADL scores between elderly stroke inpatients with and without oral frailty (all P<0.05). Multiple binary Logistic regression revealed that age, educational level, cognitive function, comorbid underlying diseases, polypharmacy, and self-care ability were influencing factors for oral frailty in the elderly inpatients (all P<0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence rate of oral frailty among elderly stroke inpatients is high. Patients who are elderly, have a low educational level, cognitive dysfunction, multiple comorbid underlying diseases, polypharmacy, and poor self-care ability are more prone to oral frailty.

Key words: Elderly, Stroke, Oral frailty, Influencing factors

Junjie Cao, Fang Wang, Lili Dong, Jingjing Yi, Chenchen Lyu, Jinfeng Ma, Siliang Yu, Wei Zhang, Yifan Chen, Yonghua Huang. Analysis of influencing factors for oral frailty in elderly hospitalized patients with stroke[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(01): 25-31.

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Figures/Tables 3

项目	口腔衰弱（n=114）	无口腔衰弱（n=75）	统计值	P值
年龄[例（%）]			χ²=41.452	<0.001
60~80岁	43（37.72）	49（65.33）
>80岁	71（62.28）	26（34.67）
性别[例（%）]			χ²=0.025	0.922
男	67（58.77）	44（58.67）
女	47（41.23）	31（41.33）
文化程度[例（%）]			χ²=33.402	<0.001
小学及以下	46（40.35）	16（21.33）
初中	34（29.82）	23（30.67）
高中/中专	19（16.67）	19（25.33）
大专及以上	15（13.16）	17（22.67）
婚姻状况[例（%）]			χ²=1.564	0.241
未婚/离异/丧偶	10（8.77）	7（9.33）
已婚	104（91.23）	68（90.67）
家庭居住地[例（%）]			χ²=17.853	<0.001
城镇	34（29.82）	43（57.33）
农村	80（70.18）	32（42.67）
月均收入[例（%）]			χ²=21.207	<0.001
<5000元	85（74.56）	40（53.33）
5000~8000元	21（18.42）	24（32.00）
>8000元	8（7.02）	11（14.67）
吸烟[例（%）]			χ²=0.001	0.998
是	33（28.95）	22（29.33）
否	81（71.05）	53（70.67）
饮酒[例（%）]			χ²=0.446	0.437
是	22（19.30）	16（21.33）
否	92（80.70）	59（78.67）
认知功能[例（%）]			χ²=4.465	0.036
无	42（36.84）	68（90.67）
轻度障碍	72（63.16）	7（9.33）
脑卒中性质[例（%）]			χ²=0.165	0.322
出血性	14（12.28）	9（12.00）
缺血性	100（87.72）	66（88.00）
脑卒中分期[例（%）]			χ²=30.552	0.401
亚急性期	25（21.93）	17（22.67）
恢复期	39（34.21）	24（32.00）
后遗症期	50（43.86）	34（43.33）
合并基础疾病[例（%）]			χ²=35.176	<0.001
<2种	69（60.53）	67（89.33）
≥2种	45（39.47）	8（10.67）
多重用药[例（%）]			χ²=33.563	<0.001
<5种	55（48.25）	53（70.67）
≥5种	59（51.75）	22（29.33）
ADL评分（分， $x ¯$ ±s）	67.83±17.17	85.79±14.21	t=4.331	<0.001

项目	口腔衰弱（n=114）	无口腔衰弱（n=75）	统计值	P值
年龄[例（%）]			χ²=41.452	<0.001
60~80岁	43（37.72）	49（65.33）
>80岁	71（62.28）	26（34.67）
性别[例（%）]			χ²=0.025	0.922
男	67（58.77）	44（58.67）
女	47（41.23）	31（41.33）
文化程度[例（%）]			χ²=33.402	<0.001
小学及以下	46（40.35）	16（21.33）
初中	34（29.82）	23（30.67）
高中/中专	19（16.67）	19（25.33）
大专及以上	15（13.16）	17（22.67）
婚姻状况[例（%）]			χ²=1.564	0.241
未婚/离异/丧偶	10（8.77）	7（9.33）
已婚	104（91.23）	68（90.67）
家庭居住地[例（%）]			χ²=17.853	<0.001
城镇	34（29.82）	43（57.33）
农村	80（70.18）	32（42.67）
月均收入[例（%）]			χ²=21.207	<0.001
<5000元	85（74.56）	40（53.33）
5000~8000元	21（18.42）	24（32.00）
>8000元	8（7.02）	11（14.67）
吸烟[例（%）]			χ²=0.001	0.998
是	33（28.95）	22（29.33）
否	81（71.05）	53（70.67）
饮酒[例（%）]			χ²=0.446	0.437
是	22（19.30）	16（21.33）
否	92（80.70）	59（78.67）
认知功能[例（%）]			χ²=4.465	0.036
无	42（36.84）	68（90.67）
轻度障碍	72（63.16）	7（9.33）
脑卒中性质[例（%）]			χ²=0.165	0.322
出血性	14（12.28）	9（12.00）
缺血性	100（87.72）	66（88.00）
脑卒中分期[例（%）]			χ²=30.552	0.401
亚急性期	25（21.93）	17（22.67）
恢复期	39（34.21）	24（32.00）
后遗症期	50（43.86）	34（43.33）
合并基础疾病[例（%）]			χ²=35.176	<0.001
<2种	69（60.53）	67（89.33）
≥2种	45（39.47）	8（10.67）
多重用药[例（%）]			χ²=33.563	<0.001
<5种	55（48.25）	53（70.67）
≥5种	59（51.75）	22（29.33）
ADL评分（分， $x ¯$ ±s）	67.83±17.17	85.79±14.21	t=4.331	<0.001

变量	赋值方式
年龄	60~80岁=0，>80岁=1
文化程度	1=小学及以下，2=初中，3=高中/中专，4=大专及以上
认知功能	0=无，1=轻度障碍
合并基础疾病	<2种=0，≥2种=1
多重用药	<5种=0，≥5种=1

变量	β值	SE值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值	95%CI
年龄（每增加5岁）	0.325	0.098	10.892	0.001	1.384	1.137~1.685
文化程度（低vs高）	-0.892	0.231	14.876	<0.001	0.410	0.260~0.646
认知功能（MMSE≤24分）	1.157	0.265	19.032	<0.001	3.180	1.889~7.223
合并基础疾病（≥2种）	1.285	0.216	35.217	<0.001	3.615	2.367~5.527
多重用药（≥5种）	0.852	0.203	17.635	<0.001	2.344	1.563~3.517
自理能力（ADL评分≤40分）	-1.183	0.253	21.764	<0.001	0.306	0.185~0.506

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