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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 95 -103. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2021.02.006

所属专题: 文献

论著

基层医院急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓预后及院内延迟的影响因素分析
郑静维1, 陈英2, 赵性泉3,(), 彭斌4   
  1. 1. 100070 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科1;100062 北京市普仁医院老年科2
    2. 100070 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科1;100049 北京市石景山医院神经内科3
    3. 100070 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科1;100730 北京,中国医学科学院脑血管病人工智能研究创新单元(2019RU018)4
    4. 100730 北京协和医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-08 出版日期:2021-04-01
  • 通信作者: 赵性泉
  • 基金资助:
    中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2019-I2M-5-029); 北京市科委医药协同科技创新研究专项(Z201100005620010)

Factors associated with prognosis and in-hospital delay of intravenous thrombolysis for patients with acute ischemic stroke in primary hospitals

Jingwei Zheng1, Ying Chen2, Xingquan Zhao3,(), Bin Peng4   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Temple of Heaven Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Puren Hospital, Beijing 100062, China
    2. Department of Neurology, Beijing Temple of Heaven Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Department of Neurology, Beijing Temple of Heaven Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; Innovation Unit for Artificial Intelligence Research on Cerebrovascular Disease (2019RU018), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
    4. Department of Neurology, Beijing Union Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2021-03-08 Published:2021-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xingquan Zhao
引用本文:

郑静维, 陈英, 赵性泉, 彭斌. 基层医院急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓预后及院内延迟的影响因素分析[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(02): 95-103.

Jingwei Zheng, Ying Chen, Xingquan Zhao, Bin Peng. Factors associated with prognosis and in-hospital delay of intravenous thrombolysis for patients with acute ischemic stroke in primary hospitals[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(02): 95-103.

目的

探讨基层医院急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)静脉溶栓预后及院内延迟的影响因素。

方法

收集2017年12月至2019年11月在发病4.5 h内于北京市普仁医院和北京市石景山医院接受重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗的AIS患者的临床资料。以90 d随访的改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分为分组标准,分为预后良好组(90 d mRS评分≤2分)和预后不良组(90 d mRS评分>2分),比较各组间的基线临床资料,观察影响溶栓预后的因素。再根据患者到达医院至静脉溶栓时间(DNT),分为院内延迟(DNT>60 min)组和非院内延迟(DNT≤60 min)组,对2组患者进行Logistic回归分析,筛选静脉溶栓院内延迟的影响因素。

结果

共171例患者纳入本研究,其中预后良好组136例(79.53%),预后不良组35例(20.47%),比较其基线临床资料并行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示:患者基线NIHSS评分越高,DNT和最后正常至溶栓开始时间(ONT)越长,静脉溶栓的预后越差[OR(95%CI)分别为1.311 (1.147~1.499)、1.035 (1.006~1.064)、1.013 (1.002~1.025)]。再将入组病例按DNT是否>60 min分组,非院内延迟组139例(81.29%),院内延迟组32例(18.71%),多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:发病至到院时间长、在常规工作时间就诊的患者,发生静脉溶栓院内延迟的风险较低[OR(95%CI)分别为0.986 (0.973~0.999)、0.208 (0.065~0.719)];而基线收缩压水平升高、基线NIHSS评分高和心源性栓塞患者,发生静脉溶栓院内延迟的风险高[OR (95%CI)分别为1.039 (1.012~1.066)、1.263 (1.112~1.434)、2.978 (1.474~6.018)]。

结论

rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的AIS患者90 d预后不良与基线NIHSS评分高及治疗延迟有关,进一步探讨可能影响基层医院院内延迟的因素,发现发病至到院时间长、在常规工作时间就诊的患者,不易发生院内延迟;而基线收缩压水平升高、基线NIHSS评分高和心源性栓塞患者,容易发生院内延迟。

Objective

To investigate the factors affecting the prognosis and in-hospital delay of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in primary hospitals.

Methods

Patients treated with intravenous administration of alteplase in Beijing Puren Hospital and Beijing Shijingshan Hospital from December 2017 to November 2019 were enrolled in this study. According to mRS at 90 d of following-up, the patients were divided into good prognosis group (≤2 points) and poor prognosis group (>2 points). Based on door-to-needle time (DNT), the patients were divided into two groups: in-hospital delayed (DNT>60 min) group and in-hospital non-delayed (DNT≤60 min) group. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors affecting in-hospital delay of IVT for AIS.

Results

A total of 171 patients were enrolled. 136 patients (79.53%) were with good prognosis and 35 patients (20.47%) with poor prognosis. Logistic regression analysis revealed that worse prognosis was associated with higher NIHSS score (OR=1.311, 95%CI: 1.147-1.499), longer DNT (OR=1.035, 95%CI: 1.006-1.064) and longer ONT(onset to needle time) (OR=1.013, 95%CI: 1.002-1.025). 139 patients (81.29%) were in the in-hospital non-delayed group, while 32 cases (18.71%) were in the in-hospital delayed group. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer ODT(onset to door time) (OR=0.986, 95%CI: 0.973-0.999) and administration of patients in routine working hours (OR=0.208, 95%CI: 0.065-0.719) were associated with shorter in-hospital delay. The higher systolic pressure (OR=1.039, 95%CI: 1.01-1.066), and the more NIHSS score (OR=1.263, 95%CI: 1.112-1.434) at baseline, the higher risk of in-hospital delay. And cardioembolism (OR=2.978, 95%CI: 1.474-6.018) was also associated with high risk of in-hospital delay.

Conclusion

This study suggested that poor prognosis of patients with AIS after IVT was related to higher NIHSS and longer DNT/ONT. We further explored that DNT, in routine working hours, NIHSS score, systolic pressure at baseline and cardioembolism were the independent factors affecting the in-hospital delay of IVT for AIS.

表1 静脉溶栓预后良好组(90 d mRS评分≤2分)与预后不良组(90 d mRS评分>2分)基线临床资料比较
变量 预后良好组(n=136) 预后不良组(n=35) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
x¯
±s)
69.18±9.02 71.13±9.45 t=1.190 0.236

<60岁[例(%)]

45(33.09) 9(25.71) χ2=5.170 0.076

60~80岁[例(%)]

68(50.00) 14(40.00)

>80岁[例(%)]

23(16.91) 12(34.29)
男性[例(%)] 94(69.12) 19(54.29) χ2=2.730 0.098
既往病史[例(%)]

高血压

89(65.44) 28(80.00) χ2=2.730 0.098

糖尿病

44(32.35) 6(17.14) χ2=3.110 0.078

血脂异常

32(23.53) 4(11.43) χ2=2.450 0.117

冠心病

38(27.94) 14(40.00) χ2=1.910 0.167

心房颤动

13(9.56) 8(22.86) χ2=4.570 0.033

卒中或TIA

34(25.00) 8(22.86) χ2=0.070 0.792
基线NIHSS评分[分,MQR)] 4.50(2.00,7.75) 4.00(2.00,9.75) Z=3.904 0.045

轻度(≤8)[例(%)]

115(84.56) 26(74.29) χ2=9.110 0.011

中度(9~15)[例(%)]

18(13.24) 4(11.43)

重度(≥16)[例(%)]

3(2.20) 5(14.28)
基线收缩压(mmHg,
x¯
±s)
157.99±18.68 166.82±18.19 t=2.424 0.028
基线舒张压(mmHg,
x¯
±s)
88.41±13.39 90.16±14.32 t=0.658 0.462
基线快速血糖值(mmol/L,
x¯
±s)
6.78±1.55 8.65±1.40 t=6.259 <0.001
TOAST分型[例(%)] χ2=4.300 0.231

大动脉粥样硬化性

104(76.47) 26(74.28)

小动脉闭塞性

13(9.56) 1(2.86)

心源性栓塞

13(9.56) 7(20.00)

其他病因或不明原因

6(4.41) 1(2.86)
DNT(min,
x¯
±s)
50.46±20.44 61.82±18.63 t=3.290 0.002
ONT(min,
x¯
±s)
138.03±47.16 157.38±39.68 t=2.151 0.049

<3 h[例(%)]

132(97.06) 30(85.71) χ2=5.090 0.007

3~4.5 h[例(%)]

4(2.94) 5(14.29)
SICH[例(%)] 2(1.47) 2(5.71) χ2=2.194 0.139
表2 影响溶栓预后的单因素Logistic回归分析
表3 影响溶栓预后的多因素Logistic回归分析
表4 静脉溶栓院内延迟组(>60 min)与非院内延迟组(≤60 min)基线临床资料比较
表5 院内延迟相关因素的单因素分析
表6 影响院内延迟的多因素Logistic回归分析
表7 静脉溶栓相关时间因素分析(min,
xˉ
±s)
表8 院内延迟组与非院内延迟组静脉溶栓预后分析
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