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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02) : 104 -109. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2024.02.002

临床研究

颅内动脉瘤介入治疗术后不留置导尿管的效果及安全性
段丽娟1, 蒋艳2,(), 樊朝凤1, 曹华1   
  1. 1. 610041 成都,四川大学华西医院神经外科;610041 成都,四川大学华西护理学院
    2. 610041 成都,四川大学华西医院护理部;610041 成都,四川大学华西护理学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-02 出版日期:2024-04-01
  • 通信作者: 蒋艳

Effect and safety of no indwelling catheter after interventional therapy in patients with intracranial aneurysms

Lijuan Duan1, Yan Jiang2,(), Chaofeng Fan1, Hua Cao1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2. Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2024-02-02 Published:2024-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Yan Jiang
引用本文:

段丽娟, 蒋艳, 樊朝凤, 曹华. 颅内动脉瘤介入治疗术后不留置导尿管的效果及安全性[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 104-109.

Lijuan Duan, Yan Jiang, Chaofeng Fan, Hua Cao. Effect and safety of no indwelling catheter after interventional therapy in patients with intracranial aneurysms[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(02): 104-109.

目的

探究颅内动脉瘤患者介入治疗术不留置导尿管的效果及安全性。

方法

选取2022年6月至2023年4月于四川大学华西医院神经外科住院介入治疗的颅内动脉瘤患者共173例,采用自然分组法,其中医疗组A为试验组,共87例,医疗组B为对照组,共86例。试验组术中不留置尿管,对照组术中留置尿管并在术后次日晨间遵医嘱拔出。主要观察指标为术后尿潴留发生率,次要观察指标为尿路刺激征、尿路感染、尿道损伤、病房导尿管置管、非计划拔管、术后躁动、动脉瘤破裂出血和穿刺部位血肿/出血的发生率。采用χ2检验进行试验组和对照组组间上述指标的差异比较,采用相对危险度(RR)值计算2组发生率之比。

结果

与对照组相比,试验组术后尿潴留发生率下降(5.62% vs 18.39%,χ2=6.830,P=0.009),仅为对照组的0.309倍(RR=0.309,95.0%CI:1.241~8.446,P=0.016),尿路刺激征发生率低于对照组(0 vs 13.79%,χ2=14.829,P<0.001),是对照组的0.040倍(RR=0.040,95%CI:0.002~0.658,P=0.024)。2组其他并发症和负性事件指标的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

术中不留置导尿管可以降低颅内动脉瘤介入治疗术患者术后尿潴留、尿路刺激征的发生率,不增加术后动脉瘤破裂出血和穿刺部位血肿/出血的发生率,具有一定的安全性和可行性。

Objective

To explore the effect and safety of no indwelling catheter after interventional therapy in patients with intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

A total of 173 patients with intracranial aneurysms hospitalized in our department from June 2022 to April 2023 were included. They were divided into two groups by natural grouping method, including 87 cases in the medical group A as the experimental group and 86 cases in the medical group B as the control group. The experimental group did not retain a catheter during the operation, while the control group retained a catheter during the operation and pulled it out in the next morning after the operation, according to the doctor's advice. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative urinary retention. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of urinary tract irritation, urinary tract infection, urethral injury, indwelling rate of catheter in the ward, unplanned extubation, postoperative agitation, aneurysm rupture, and hematoma/hemorrhage at puncture site. The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the above indexes between the two groups. Relative ratio (RR) was used to calculate the incidence ratio of the two groups.

Results

Compared with the control group, the incidence of postoperative urinary retention in the experimental group decreased (5.62% vs 18.39%, χ2=6.830, P=0.009), which was only 0.309 times lower than that in the control group (RR=0.309, 95.0%CI: 1.241-8.446, P=0.016), and the incidence of urinary tract irritation in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (0 vs 13.79%, χ2=14.829, P<0.001), which was 0.040 times lower than that in the control group (RR=0.040, 95%CI: 0.002-0.658, P=0.024). There was no significant difference in other complications and adverse events.

Conclusion

No indwelling catheter during operation can reduce the incidence of postoperative urinary retention and urinary tract irritation in patients with intracranial aneurysms undergoing interventional embolization, and does not increase the incidence of postoperative aneurysm rupture bleeding and hematoma/hemorrhage at the puncture site . It is safe, feasible, and worth promoting.

表1 2组颅内动脉瘤介入治疗患者一般临床资料比较
资料 试验组(n=87) 对照组(n=86) 统计值 P
年龄(岁, 56.17±10.93 53.83±11.29 t=1.389 0.167
性别[例(%)] χ2=0.155 0.694
66(75.86) 63(73.26)
21(24.14) 23(26.74)
病变部位[例(%)] χ2=0.244 0.993
前交通动脉 4(4.60) 4(4.65)
大脑中动脉 4(4.60) 5(5.81)
后交通动脉 11(12.64) 10(11.63)
椎基底动脉 6(6.90) 5(5.81)
颈内动脉 62(71.26) 62(72.09)
动脉瘤数量[例(%)] χ2=0.339 0.844
1个 72(82.76) 70(81.40)
2个 7(8.05) 9(10.47)
3个及以上 8(9.20) 7(8.14)
合并症[例(%)] χ2=5.740 0.219
72(82.76) 66(76.74)
单纯高血压 5(5.75) 10(11.63)
单纯糖尿病 2(2.30) 6(6.98)
单纯其他慢性疾病 7(8.05) 4(4.65)
合并两种及以上 1(1.15) 0(0)
治疗方式[例(%)] χ2=5.683 0.128
弹簧圈栓塞术 2(2.30) 4(4.65)
支架+弹簧圈栓塞术 24(27.59) 24(27.91)
血流导向装置 54(62.07) 42(48.84)
血流导向装置+弹簧圈栓塞术 7(8.05) 16(18.60)
入院自理能力评分(分, 97.41±3.72 97.27±3.57 t=0.264 0.792
麻醉时长(h, 1.54±0.30 1.52±0.32 t=0.464 0.643
手术时长(h, 1.27±0.30 1.26±0.33 t=0.175 0.861
术中输液量(ml, 467.82±57.56 469.19±52.11 t=-0.164 0.870
导尿管留置时长[h,MQR)] 0.0(0.0,0.0) 16.0(14.0,17.0) Z=-11.620 <0.001
卧床时长(h, 17.11±3.56 17.31±3.37 t=-0.377 0.706
表2 2组颅内动脉瘤介入治疗患者的次要观察指标比较
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