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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (05) : 418 -423. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2024.05.003

论著

查尔森共病指数对晕厥患者短期及长期预后的预测价值
高欣怡1, 杨鑫怡1, 李歆慕1, 李秀莲1, 梁燕1, 刘文玲2, 刘彤1,()   
  1. 1.300211 天津医科大学第二医院心脏科 天津市心血管病离子与分子机能重点实验室 天津心脏病学研究所
    2.100044 北京大学人民医院心血管内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-05 出版日期:2024-10-01
  • 通信作者: 刘彤
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82170327,82370332)天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目(TJYXZDXK-029A)

Evaluation of the Charlson comorbidity index for short- and long-term prognosis in patients with syncope

Xinyi Gao1, Xinyi Yang1, Xinmu Li1, Xiulian Li1, Yan Liang1, Yan Liang2, Tong Liu1,()   

  1. 1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Tianjin 300211, China
    2.Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2024-08-05 Published:2024-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Tong Liu
引用本文:

高欣怡, 杨鑫怡, 李歆慕, 李秀莲, 梁燕, 刘文玲, 刘彤. 查尔森共病指数对晕厥患者短期及长期预后的预测价值[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 418-423.

Xinyi Gao, Xinyi Yang, Xinmu Li, Xiulian Li, Yan Liang, Yan Liang, Tong Liu. Evaluation of the Charlson comorbidity index for short- and long-term prognosis in patients with syncope[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(05): 418-423.

目的

探讨查尔森共病指数(CCI)对晕厥患者短期及长期临床预后的评估价值。

方法

入选2018 年6 月18 日至2021 年7 月19 日在天津医科大学第二医院心脏科就诊的晕厥患者,明确患者的晕厥类型,经临床评估和调查研究获取基线资料并计算CCI,根据得分结果将患者划分为:极低疾病负担组(CCI 评分为0 分)、低疾病负担组(CCI 评分为1~2 分)、中等疾病负担组(CCI 评分为3~4 分)和严重疾病负担组(CCI 评分≥5 分)。使用Logistic 回归分析评估CCI 对晕厥患者短期(30 d)及长期(1、2、3 年)晕厥复发风险、再入院风险及全因死亡风险之间的相关关系。

结果

最终纳入313 例患者,其中57 例为反射性晕厥,134 例为心源性晕厥,122 例为其他原因晕厥。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,CCI 每增加1 分,随访30 d 及1 年时患者再入院风险分别增加约0.4 倍(OR=1.417,95%CI:1.057~1.899)和0.3 倍(OR=1.300,95%CI:1.051~1.608);随访1、2、3 年时的全因死亡风险均显著增加约0.8 倍(1 年:OR=1.785,95%CI:1.270~2.509;2 年:OR=1.771,95%CI:1.179~2.662;3 年:OR=1.785,95%CI:1.176~2.709)。CCI 增加对于短期及长期随访时晕厥复发风险评估不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

CCI 与晕厥患者短期和长期再入院风险和全因死亡风险正向相关,但与晕厥复发风险之间无显著相关性。使用CCI 早期识别高风险患者并进行重点监控和早期干预,根据共病情况制定个体化的治疗和康复计划可能有助于降低晕厥再入院率和全因死亡率。

Objective

To explore the assessment value of Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)on short-term and long-term clinical prognosis of patients experiencing syncope.

Methods

Patients with syncope who visited the cardiology department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from June 18, 2018 to July 19, 2021 were enrolled. we identified the syncope type of the patient, and baseline data were obtained and CCI were calculated through clinical assessment and survey study. According to the CCI classification, the disease burden of patients was classified as: very low (CCI 0), low (CCI 1-2), moderate (CCI 3-4), and severe (CCI ≥5). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of CCI with short-term (30 days) and long-term (1, 2, and 3 years) risk of syncope recurrence, readmission, and death in syncope patients.

Results

A total of 313 patients were included, with reflex syncope in 57, cardiac syncope in 134, and other causes in 122. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that for every 1-point increase in CCI, the risk of patient readmission at 30 days and 1 year of follow-up increased by approximately 0.4 times(OR=1.417, 95%CI: 1.057-1.899) and 0.3 times (OR=1.300, 95%CI: 1.051-1.608), respectively. Furthermore,the risk of mortality at 1, 2, and 3 years post-discharge was significantly elevated by approximately 0.8 times(1 year: OR=1.785, 95%CI: 1.270-2.509; 2 years: OR=1.771, 95%CI: 1.179-2.662; 3 years: OR=1.785,95%CI: 1.176-2.709). However, increased CCI did not significantly predict the risk of syncope recurrence at short- and long-term follow-up (P>0.05).

Conclusion

CCI is positively associated with short- and longterm risk of readmission and risk of death in patients with syncope, it does not significantly correlate with the risk of syncope recurrence. Early identification of high-risk patients using CCI with focused surveillance and early intervention, and individualized treatment and rehabilitation plans based on co-morbidities may help reduce syncope readmission rates and mortality.

表1 纳入队列晕厥患者不同查尔森共病指数组间基本资料及随访事件比较
表2 查尔森共病指数对晕厥患者短期及长期晕厥复发的单因素Logistic 回归分析
表3 查尔森共病指数对晕厥患者短期及长期不良结局影响的单因素和多因素Logistic 回归分析
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