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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 126 -132. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.02.003

临床研究

脑机接口康复训练联合传统康复治疗对急性期脑梗死短期运动功能的改善效果
陈若梦1,2, 苏旭东1,2, 周晓伟1,2, 张坤1,2, 仇福成1,2, 董慈1,2, 陈子墨1,2, 刘佳慧1,2, 王浩然1,2, 王红霞1,2, 刘晓云1,2,()   
  1. 1 050000 河北石家庄,河北医科大学第一医院神经内科
    2 050000 河北石家庄,首都医科大学宣武医院河北医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-30 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 刘晓云
  • 基金资助:
    河北省卫生创新专项(22377712D)

Effect of brain-computer interface rehabilitation training combined with traditional rehabilitation therapy on short-term motor function improvement in acute phase of cerebral infarction

Ruomeng Chen1,2, Xudong Su1,2, Xiaowei Zhou1,2, Kun Zhang1,2, Fucheng Qiu1,2, Ci Dong1,2, Zimo Chen1,2, Jiahui Liu1,2, Haoran Wang1,2, Hongxia Wang1,2, Xiaoyun Liu1,2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
    2 Department of Neurology, Hebei Hospital of Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
  • Received:2026-01-30 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyun Liu
引用本文:

陈若梦, 苏旭东, 周晓伟, 张坤, 仇福成, 董慈, 陈子墨, 刘佳慧, 王浩然, 王红霞, 刘晓云. 脑机接口康复训练联合传统康复治疗对急性期脑梗死短期运动功能的改善效果[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 126-132.

Ruomeng Chen, Xudong Su, Xiaowei Zhou, Kun Zhang, Fucheng Qiu, Ci Dong, Zimo Chen, Jiahui Liu, Haoran Wang, Hongxia Wang, Xiaoyun Liu. Effect of brain-computer interface rehabilitation training combined with traditional rehabilitation therapy on short-term motor function improvement in acute phase of cerebral infarction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 126-132.

目的

观察脑机接口(BCI)康复训练联合传统康复治疗对急性期脑梗死患者短期运动功能的改善效果,并分析超早期(发病48 h内)启动干预的临床价值。

方法

前瞻性纳入2025年7月至12月河北医科大学第一医院神经内科收治的急性期脑梗死患者,所有患者均接受神经内科常规治疗,并根据康复方式分为试验组(BCI康复训练联合传统康复治疗)与对照组(传统康复治疗)。2组患者的中位康复周期为5 d。采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能评测量表(FMA)评估2组患者的运动功能,并以康复训练结束时FMA评分与康复训练前FMA评分的差值(ΔFMA)评估功能改善程度。采用Mann Whitney U检验比较组间差异性。根据首次接受BCI康复训练开始时间,将试验组患者分为发病48 h内康复训练组和发病>48 h康复训练组,并对ΔFMA进行亚组分析。

结果

试验组纳入40例患者,对照组纳入21例患者。在康复训练前,试验组和对照组患者的FMA上肢评分分别为22.00(14.00,28.75)和27.00(21.50,31.00)分,FMA下肢评分分别为19.00(16.00,22.00)和22.00(18.50,25.50)分,FMA总分分别为46.50(33.25,61.75)和64.00(47.00,75.50)分,差异均有统计学意义(U=288.500、257.000、269.000,P=0.046、0.013、0.022)。在康复训练结束时,试验组和对照组患者的FMA总分分别为55.00(40.25,68.00)和67.00(52.50,77.00)分,差异有统计学意义(U=303.500,P=0.007)。试验组和对照组患者的ΔFMA上肢评分分别为1.00(0,3.50)和0(0,1.00)分,ΔFMA下肢评分分别为3.00(2.00,4.00)和2.00(1.00,2.00)分,ΔFMA总分分别为5.00(3.00,9.75)和3.00(2.00,4.50)分,差异均有统计学意义(U=283.500、226.000、249.000,P=0.030、0.003、0.009)。亚组分析结果显示:发病48 h内BCI康复训练组患者的ΔFMA上肢、腕关节、手、下肢评分及总分均呈现出高于发病>48 h BCI康复训练组患者的趋势,但差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。

结论

BCI康复训练联合传统康复治疗可以快速改善急性期脑梗死患者的短期运动功能,且超早期(发病48 h内)启动BCI康复训练可能更有利于运动功能的恢复。

Objective

To investigate the short-term effects of brain-computer interface (BCI) rehabilitation training combined with traditional rehabilitation therapy on short-term motor function improvement in the acute phase of cerebral infarction, and to explore the clinical value of ultra-early intervention initiated within 48 hours after stroke onset.

Methods

Patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July to December 2025 were prospectively enrolled. Both groups received routine neurological treatment, and were divided into a treatment group (BCI rehabilitation training combined with traditional rehabilitation therapy) and a control group (traditional rehabilitation therapy) according to rehabilitation methods. The median rehabilitation cycle of the two groups was 5 days. The motor function of the two groups was assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA), and the degree of functional improvement was evaluated by the difference in FMA scores (ΔFMA) between before and after rehabilitation training. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between groups. Based on the start time of BCI rehabilitation training, the patients of treatment group were divided into a group initiating training within 48 hours of onset and a group initiating training >48 hours after onset, and the subgroup analysis of ΔFMA was performed.

Results

The treatment group included 40 patients, and the control group included 21 patients. Before rehabilitation, the FMA upper limb scores of treatment group and control group were 22.00 (14.00, 28.75) and 27.00 (21.50, 31.00), the FMA lower limb scores were 19.00 (16.00, 22.00) and 22.00 (18.50, 25.50), and the total FMA scores were 46.50 (33.25, 61.75) and 64.00 (47.00, 75.50), and the differences were statistically significant (U=288.500, 257.000, 269.000; P=0.046, 0.013, 0.022). At the end of rehabilitation, the total FMA scores of treatment group and control group were 55.00 (40.25, 68.00) and 67.00 (52.50, 77.00), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (U=303.500, P=0.007). The ΔFMA upper limb scores of treatment group and control group were 1.00 (0, 3.50) and 0 (0, 1.00), the ΔFMA lower limb scores were 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) and 2.00 (1.00, 2.00), and the ΔFMA total scores were 5.00 (3.00, 9.75) and 3.00 (2.00, 4.50), and the differences were statistically significant (U=283.500, 226.000, 249.000; P=0.030, 0.003, 0.009). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the ΔFMA upper limb, wrist joint, hand, lower limb scores and total scores of patients in the rehabilitation training group within 48 hours of onset tended to be higher than those in the rehabilitation training group >48 hours of onset, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05).

Conclusion

BCI rehabilitation training combined with traditional rehabilitation therapy can quickly improve the short-term motor function of patients with acute cerebral infarction, and ultra-early ( within 48 hours of onset ) starting BCI rehabilitation training may be more beneficial for motor function recovery.

表1 2组急性期脑梗死患者基线资料比较
项目 对照组(n=21) 试验组(n=40) 统计值 P
性别[例(%)] χ2=0.098 0.754
17(80.95) 31(77.50)
4(19.05) 9(22.50)
年龄[岁,MQ1Q3)] 68.00(58.50,74.50) 62.00(54.75,69.50) U=319.500 0.127
既往史[例(%)]
高脂血症 7(33.33) 9(22.50) χ2=0.734 0.392
高血压 16(76.19) 22(55.00) χ2=2.300 0.129
糖尿病 8(38.10) 15(37.50) χ2=0.001 0.978
心脏疾病 5(23.81) 4(10.00) χ2=1.967 0.161
脑卒中 9(42.86) 13(32.50) χ2=0.533 0.465
吸烟史[例(%)] 7(33.33) 14(35.00) χ2=0.039 0.843
饮酒史[例(%)] 6(28.57) 9(22.50) χ2=0.220 0.639
NIHSS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 6(4.00,8.50) 5(3.25,7.75) U=387.000 0.614
mRS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 3(1.00,3.50) 3(2.00,4.00) U=343.500 0.227
入院距离发病时间[h,MQ1Q3)] 30.0(12.5,48.0) 24.0(7.0,72.0) U=400.000 0.760
溶栓情况[例(%)] χ2=1.569 0.210
2(9.52) 9(22.50)
19(90.48) 31(77.50)
血小板计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 215.50(166.50,247.75) 225.00(191.00,249.00) U=275.500 0.038
血糖[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 5.88(5.56,7.41) 6.30(5.36,7.93) U=308.000 0.654
总胆固醇[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 4.41(3.51,5.30) 4.58(3.34,5.56) U=384.500 0.590
甘油三酯[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.07(0.89,1.66) 1.37(0.94,2.11) U=275.000 0.028
低密度脂蛋白[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 2.66(2.03,3.28) 2.80(1.91,3.45) U=387.500 0.622
高密度脂蛋白[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.11(0.95,1.26) 1.02(0.92,1.25) U=391.500 0.665
脂蛋白(a)[mg/L,MQ1Q3)] 252.05(78.93,493.88) 175.45(76.40,350.23) U=306.000 0.226
肌酐[µmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 76.00(61.65,80.33) 68.65(62.18,79.98) U=366.500 0.417
尿酸[µmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 276.30(223.85,315.58) 305.55(247.38,409.92) U=293.500 0.055
同型半胱氨酸[µmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 11.79(9.28,14.39) 13.17(10.10,16.77) U=291.000 0.371
康复时间[d,MQ1Q3)] 5.00(4.75,6.50) 5.00(5.00,6.00) U=360.500 0.338
表2 2组急性期脑梗死患者康复训练前FMA评分比较[分,MQ1Q3)]
表3 2组急性期脑梗死患者康复训练结束时FMA评分比较[分,MQ1Q3)]
表4 2组急性期脑梗死患者ΔFMA比较[分,MQ1Q3)]
表5 不同时期BCI康复训练的急性期脑梗死患者ΔFMA比较[分,MQ1Q3)]
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