Cerebellar hemorrhage refers to the hemorrhage of cerebellar parenchyma, which develops rapid and predisposes to compress brainstem or invade the fourth ventricle. It can induce irreversible damage, which brings challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. CT and MRI are still the main tools for the diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage, but the clinical symptoms and CT manifestations of cerebellar hemorrhage at different sites and at different stages can be also different. Therefore clinical diagnosis should be made in combination with the patient's relevant medical history. Hypertension is the primary cause to cerebellar hemorrhage. Surgery, with the advantage of rapid removal of hematoma and amelioration of cranial pressure and mechanical pressure, has become the important method to cure hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, including the traditional surgical removal of hematoma, craniotomy stereotactic puncture drainage, posterior fossa hematoma small bone window craniotomy hematoma removal, super microscopic surgery, CT assisted directed soft channel puncture, and Ommaya capsule assisted lateral ventricle puncture drainage. There are inconsistent efficacy and prognostic significance of them. However, there are still defects in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebellar hemorrhage in China, and some patients were in vegetative state or died after surgeries. It is suggested to improve the health education, standardize the management of diagnosis and treatment in hospitals, especially for the early diagnosis and treatment of cerebellar hemorrhage.