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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (06) : 385 -391. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2022.06.003

论著

糖尿病对颈动脉内膜切除术后卒中与死亡事件影响的多中心回顾性研究
韩同磊1, 唐涵斐1, 林长泼1, 严栋1, 高斌1, 司逸1, 唐骁1, 郭大乔1,(), 赵志青2, 赵滨3, 符伟国1   
  1. 1. 200030 上海,复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科
    2. 200433 上海,海军军医大学附属长海医院血管外科
    3. 200120 上海,上海中医药大学附属上海市第七人民普外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23 出版日期:2022-12-01
  • 通信作者: 郭大乔
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81970408,82100516)

The effect of diabetes mellitus on the occurence of stroke and death after carotid endarterectomy: a multicenter retrospective study

Tonglei Han1, Hanfei Tang1, Changpo Lin1, Dong Yan1, Bin Gao1, Yi Si1, Xiao Tang1, Daqiao Guo1,(), Zhiqing Zhao2, Bin Zhao3, Weiguo Fu1   

  1. 1. Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
    2. Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the PLA Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    3. Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
  • Received:2022-09-23 Published:2022-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Daqiao Guo
引用本文:

韩同磊, 唐涵斐, 林长泼, 严栋, 高斌, 司逸, 唐骁, 郭大乔, 赵志青, 赵滨, 符伟国. 糖尿病对颈动脉内膜切除术后卒中与死亡事件影响的多中心回顾性研究[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(06): 385-391.

Tonglei Han, Hanfei Tang, Changpo Lin, Dong Yan, Bin Gao, Yi Si, Xiao Tang, Daqiao Guo, Zhiqing Zhao, Bin Zhao, Weiguo Fu. The effect of diabetes mellitus on the occurence of stroke and death after carotid endarterectomy: a multicenter retrospective study[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(06): 385-391.

目的

探究糖尿病对颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)后卒中与死亡事件发生的影响。

方法

按照纳入排除标准,纳入复旦大学附属中山医院、海军军医大学附属长海医院、上海中医药大学附属第七人民医院3个中心自2017年1月至2019年1月确诊为颈动脉狭窄并接受CEA的患者795例,按照有无糖尿病分为糖尿病组(215例)和无糖尿病组(580例),统计患者的临床数据资料,并与术后30 d及随访3年内卒中与死亡事件进行单因素、多因素与生存分析,分类结局变量的单因素分析采用Logistic回归分析,多因素分析采用Cox回归分析,使用Kaplan-Meier积法绘制生存曲线。

结果

CEA手术成功率为100%。术后30 d不良事件发生情况:任何卒中与死亡事件4例(0.5%),任何严重卒中与死亡事件3例(0.4%),任何卒中与短暂性脑缺血发作事件7例(0.9%),无患者死亡。随访3年的不良事件发生情况:任何卒中与死亡事件14例(1.76%),任何严重卒中与死亡事件6例(0.8%),任何卒中与短暂性脑缺血发作事件15例(1.9%),患者死亡1例(0.1%)。患者术后30 d卒中与死亡事件的单因素与多因素结果并未筛查到具有统计学意义的风险因素。患者术后随访3年不良事件发生的单因素分析结果表明,慢性阻塞性肺疾病是造成患者CEA术后卒中或死亡事件的高危因素(HR=13.8,95%CI:1.8~106.0,P=0.011)。调整变量后的多因素分析结果表明,年龄(HR=1.0,95%CI:0.9~1.0,P=0.034)、既往饮酒(HR=13.1,95%CI:1.7~100.3,P=0.013)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(HR=35.0,95%CI:4.6~268.4,P<0.001)是患者CEA术后卒中或死亡事件的独立风险因素。随访3年的生存分析结果表明:糖尿病组1年、2年和3年的生存率分别为99.5%、99.0%和98.3%;无糖尿病组1年、2年和3年的生存率分别为99.5%、99.5%和97.7%。

结论

糖尿病组颈动脉狭窄患者CEA术后卒中与死亡风险高于无糖尿病组,但糖尿病与CEA术后3年内卒中与死亡事件发生之间并不存在显著相关性。

Objective

To investigate the effect of diabetes on the occurrence of stroke and death after carotid endarterectomy.

Methods

According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 795 patients who were diagnosed with carotid stenosis and underwent carotid endarterectomy from January 2017 to January 2019 were included in 3 centers, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Changhai Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University, and the Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The patients were divided into diabetes mellitus (DM) group (n=215) and non-diabetes mellitus (NDM) group (n=580) according to whether they had diabetes. The clinical data of patients were collected and analyzed with univariate, multivariate, and survival analysis of stroke and death events 30 days after operation and within 3 years of follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was used for univariate analysis of categorical outcome variables. Cox regression equation was used for multivariate analysis, and survival curves were plotted by using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

The success rate of CEA surgery is 100%. The incidence of adverse events at 30 days after surgery showed: stroke and death in 4 cases (0.5%), serious stroke and death in 3 cases (0.4%), stroke and TIA in 7 cases (0.9%), and no patient died. Adverse events at 3-year follow-up showed: 13 (1.6%) stroke and death, 6 (0.8%) serious stroke and death, 15 (1.9%) stroke or TIA, and 1 patient died (0.1%). The univariate and multivariate results of stroke and death 30 days after surgery did not significantly associated risk factors. The results of univariate analysis of adverse events during the 3-year postoperative follow-up showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was a high risk factor for stroke or death after CEA (HR=13.8, 95%CI: 1.8-106.0, P=0.011). Multivariate analysis after adjusting for variables showed that age (HR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.9-1.0; P=0.034), previous alcohol consumption (HR: 13.1; 95%CI: 1.7-100.3; P=0.013), and chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (HR: 13.1; 95%CI: 1.7-100.3; P=0.013) were independent risk factor for stroke or death after CEA. The results of 3-year follow-up survival analysis showed that the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates of DM group were 99.5%, 99.0% and 98.3%; And that in the NDM group were 99.5%, 99.5% and 97.7%, respectively.

Conclusion

The risk of stroke and death after CEA in patients with carotid artery stenosis in the diabetic group was higher than that in the non-diabetic group, but there was no significant correlation between diabetes and the occurrence of stroke and death within 3 years after CEA.

表1 有无糖尿病组颈动脉狭窄患者的临床资料比较
表2 颈动脉狭窄患者术后30 d及随访3年内的TIA、卒中与死亡事件[例(%)]
表3 患者术后30 d发生卒中和死亡事件的单因素与多因素分析结果
表4 颈动脉狭窄患者术后随访3年发生卒中和死亡事件的单因素与多因素分析结果
图1 颈动脉狭窄患者术后随访3年的卒中与死亡事件的生存分析
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