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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (06) : 379 -384. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2022.06.002

论著

症状性颈动脉狭窄的显微手术方式选择与疗效分析
丰育功1, 郭品1, 张洪亮1, 成磊1, 朱蒙1, 崔振文1, 王君涛2, 刘学军3, 李环廷1, 栗世方1,()   
  1. 1. 266003 山东青岛,青岛大学附属医院神经外科
    2. 266003 山东青岛,青岛大学附属医院麻醉科
    3. 266003 山东青岛,青岛大学附属医院放射科
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-12 出版日期:2022-12-01
  • 通信作者: 栗世方
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81070942,81870914); 青岛市市南区科技计划项目(2022-2-007-YY)

Microsurgical treatment for symptomatic carotid stenosis: carotid endarterectomy techniques choice and efficacy analysis

Yugong Feng1, Pin Guo1, Hongliang Zhang1, Lei Cheng1, Meng Zhu1, Zhenwen Cui1, Juntao Wang2, Xuejun Liu3, Huanting Li1, Shifang Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, China
    2. Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, China
    3. Department of Radiology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao 266003, China
  • Received:2022-08-12 Published:2022-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Shifang Li
引用本文:

丰育功, 郭品, 张洪亮, 成磊, 朱蒙, 崔振文, 王君涛, 刘学军, 李环廷, 栗世方. 症状性颈动脉狭窄的显微手术方式选择与疗效分析[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(06): 379-384.

Yugong Feng, Pin Guo, Hongliang Zhang, Lei Cheng, Meng Zhu, Zhenwen Cui, Juntao Wang, Xuejun Liu, Huanting Li, Shifang Li. Microsurgical treatment for symptomatic carotid stenosis: carotid endarterectomy techniques choice and efficacy analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(06): 379-384.

目的

探讨症状性颈动脉狭窄的显微手术方式及选择指征,比较标准式颈动脉内膜切除术(C-CEA)与翻转式颈动脉内膜切除术(E-CEA)的围手术期风险及远期疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2013年9月至2019年12月在青岛大学附属医院神经外科进行单侧显微颈动脉内膜切除术治疗患者的临床资料,所有患者均为症状性重度颈动脉狭窄者,根据斑块主体的位置及颈内动脉形态选择颈动脉内膜切除术手术方式,并据此将患者分为C-CEA组与E-CEA组。采用秩和检验或χ2检验比较2组患者颈动脉阻断时间、围手术期并发症、随访期间的再狭窄及新发脑卒中发生率的差异。

结果

共纳入221例患者,其中C-CEA组115例,E-CEA组106例。颈内动脉阻断时间C-CEA组为27.8(23.6,37.2)min,E-CEA组为为26.5(22.8,35.1)min,无围手术期死亡病例;所有患者中发生围手术期严重并发症者5例(2.26%,5/221),其中C-CEA组2例(1.74%,2/115),E-CEA组3例(2.86%,3/106);随访期间C-CEA组发现颈内动脉再狭窄者2例(1.74%,2/115)E-CEA组发现颈内动脉再狭窄者1例(0.94%,1/106);2组均无手术侧新发脑梗死;2组颈内动脉阻断时间、围手术期严重并发症发生率、颈内动脉再狭窄率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。E-CEA组围手术期短暂性颅神经损伤发生率高于C-CEA组[8.49%(9/106)vs 1.74%(2/115)],差异具有统计学意义(P=0.024)。

结论

根据斑块位置及颈内动脉形态选择使用C-CEA或E-CEA是一种可行的治疗策略;尽管围手术期E-CEA组具有较高的短暂性颅神经损伤发生率,但在远期恢复和疗效方面,C-CEA和E-CEA对于症状性颈动脉狭窄可以取得等效的治疗效果。

Objective

To explore the indications for the surgical techniques in microsurgical treatment for symptomatic carotid stenosis, and to compare the perioperative risk and the long-term efficacy between conventional carotid endarterectomy (C-CEA) and eversion CEA (E-CEA).

Methods

The clinical data of unilateral microscopic CEA surgeries in Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital from September 2013 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients presented with severe symptomatic carotid stenosis. Different CEA surgical techniques were applied according to the location of the main plaque and the morphology of internal carotid artery (ICA). According to different microscopic CEA techniques, patients were divided into the C-CEA group and the E-CEA group. The rank-sum test or chi-square test was used to compare the carotid cross-clamp time, perioperative complications, ICA restenosis during follow-up, and incidence of new-onset stroke between the two groups.

Results

A total of 221 patients were identified, including 115 in the C-CEA group and 106 in the E-CEA group. The carotid cross-clamp time was 27.8 (23.6, 37.2) min in the C-CEA group and 26.5 (22.8, 35.1) min in the E-CEA group. There was no perioperative death. A total of 5 cases (2.26%) had severe periprocedural complications, including 2 cases (1.74%) in the C-CEA group and 3 (2.86%) in the E-CEA group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. During the follow-up, 2 cases (1.74%) of ICA restenosis were found in the C-CEA group and 1 case (0.94%) in the E-CEA group. There was no new-onset cerebral infarction on the surgical side in both groups. There were no significant differences in all the above indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of transient cranial nerve injury during perioperative period in the E-CEA group was higher than that in the C-CEA group [8.49% (9/106) vs 1.74% (2/115), P=0.024].

Conclusion

Applying different CEA techniques according to plaque location and ICA morphology is a feasible surgical strategy. Although the E-CEA group had a higher incidence of transient cranial nerve injury during the perioperative period; C-CEA and E-CEA for symptomatic carotid stenosis can achieve equivalent therapeutic effects in terms of long-term recovery and efficacy .

表1 不同手术方式组症状性重度颈动脉狭窄患者基线特征比较
表2 不同手术方式组症状性重度颈动脉狭窄患者手术及围手术期并发症情况比较
表3 不同手术方式组症状性重度颈动脉狭窄患者术后随访结果[例(%)]
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