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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (06) : 549 -556. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2023.06.004

临床研究

颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及特征与缺血性脑卒中相关性的HRMR-VWI研究
刘英, 马利军, 王宝军, 刘晓林, 柴圣婷, 苏宁()   
  1. 014000 内蒙古包头,包头市中心医院影像科
    014000 内蒙古包头,包头市中心医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-26 出版日期:2023-12-01
  • 通信作者: 苏宁
  • 基金资助:
    包头市科技计划项目(wsjkkj067)

HRMR-VWI study on the relationship between the components and characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and ischemic stroke

Ying Liu, Lijun Ma, Baojun Wang, Xiaolin Liu, Shengting Chai, Ning Su()   

  1. Department of Imaging, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou 014000, China
    Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou 014000, China
  • Received:2023-03-26 Published:2023-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Ning Su
引用本文:

刘英, 马利军, 王宝军, 刘晓林, 柴圣婷, 苏宁. 颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及特征与缺血性脑卒中相关性的HRMR-VWI研究[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 549-556.

Ying Liu, Lijun Ma, Baojun Wang, Xiaolin Liu, Shengting Chai, Ning Su. HRMR-VWI study on the relationship between the components and characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and ischemic stroke[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(06): 549-556.

目的

应用高分辨磁共振血管壁成像技术(HRMR-VWI)分析颅内动脉粥样硬化(ICAS)斑块成分及特征与缺血性脑卒中的相关性。

方法

对2020年12月至2021年9月期间包头市中心医院神经内科的78例ICAS性狭窄的患者行HRMR-VWI扫描。将检出的颅内斑块分为责任斑块(67个)与非责任斑块(125个),比较2组间斑块成分、特征的差异。根据有无脑梗死病史将入组患者分为急性/亚急性脑梗死组(34例)、慢性脑梗死组(18例)、无脑梗死组(26例)3组,比较3组间责任斑块成分、特征的差异。运用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析,通过多元Logistic回归分析斑块成分、特征与缺血性脑卒中的关系,并通过Spearman相关分析其与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)的相关性,显著性检验水准α=0.05。

结果

责任斑块组斑块内出血(IPH)率(P<0.001)、血栓率(P<0.001)、明显强化率(P=0.010)、中重度血管狭窄程度(P<0.001)和斑块负荷(P<0.001)均显著高于非责任斑块组,差异均有统计学意义。急性/亚急性脑梗死组中责任斑块的IPH率(P=0.013)、血栓率(P=0.001)、斑块负荷(P<0.001)均显著高于无脑梗死组,差异均有统计学意义。IPH(rs=0.348、P=0.004)、血栓(rs=0.373、P=0.002)、斑块负荷(rs=0.360、P=0.003)与NIHSS评分均呈正相关关系。

结论

IPH、血栓的存在与责任斑块及同侧卒中事件密切相关。较大的斑块负荷可增加缺血性卒中事件发生的风险,且卒中的严重程度会更重、预后更差。

Objective

To analyze the correlation between the components and characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques and ischemic stroke by high-resolution MRI vascular wall imaging (HRMR-VWI).

Methods

78 patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in the Department of Neurology of Baotou Central Hospital from December 2020 to September 2021 were scanned by HRMR-VWI. The detected intracranial plaques were divided into responsible plaques (67) and non-responsible plaques (125), and the differences in plaque composition and characteristics between the two groups were compared. According to the history of cerebral infarction, the patients were divided into three groups: acute / subacute cerebral infarction group (34 cases), chronic cerebral infarction group (18 cases), and non-cerebral infarction group (26 cases). The differences in the composition and characteristics of responsible plaque among the three groups were compared. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 software, and the relationship between plaque composition, characteristics, and ischemic stroke was analyzed through multiple Logistic regression. The correlation with the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) was analyzed through Spearman correlation, and the significance test criteria were used α=0.05.

Results

In the responsible plaque group, the rate of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) (P<0.001), the rate of thrombus (P<0.001), the rate of significant enhancement (P=0.010), the rate of moderate to severe stenosis (P<0.001), and the plaque load (P<0.001) were significantly higher than those in the non-responsible plaque group, and the differences were statistically significant. The rate of IPH (P=0.013), the rate of thrombus (P=0.001), and the plaque load (P<0.001) of responsible plaques in the acute/subacute cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the non-cerebral infarction group, and the differences were statistically significant. IPH (rs=0.348, P=0.004), thrombus (rs=0.373, P=0.002), and plaque load (rs=0.360, P=0.003) were all positively correlated with NIHSS score.

Conclusion

The presence of IPH and thrombus is closely related to responsible plaque and ipsilateral stroke. A large plaque load can increase the risk of ischemic stroke events, and the severity of stroke may be more severe and the prognosis worse.

表1 颅脑MRI平扫及HRMR-VWI扫描序列及扫描参数
表2 急性/亚急性脑梗死组、慢性脑梗死组、无脑梗死组患者间临床资料比较
图1 左侧额叶急性脑梗死患者的弥散加权成像(DWI)、时间飞跃磁共振血管成像(TOF-MRA)、高分辨磁共振血管壁成像影像图。图a DWI序列示左额叶多发点片状高信号;图b TOF-MRA示左侧大脑中动脉M1段局限性狭窄;图c T1 可变翻转角快速自旋回波序列(SPACE)轴位图可见M1段斑块;图d T1 SPACE+C轴位图斑块呈明显强化;图e T2WI(矢状位)可见大脑中动脉偏心性斑块;图f T1 SPACE+C(矢状位)可见斑块呈明显强化
图2 右侧大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者的弥散加权成像(DWI)、时间飞跃磁共振血管成像(TOF-MRA)、高分辨磁共振血管壁成像(HRMR-VWI)影像图。图a DWI序列未见明显高信号,提示未发生急性脑梗死;图b TOF-MRA示右侧大中动脉M1段局限性狭窄;图c T1 可变翻转角快速自旋回波序列(SPACE)轴位图可见M1段斑块;图d T1 SPACE +C轴位图斑块未见明显强化;图e HRMR-VWI后处理平扫图可见M1段多发斑块,管腔尚通畅;图f HRMR-VWI后处理增强图斑块未见明显强化
图3 基底动脉及大脑中动脉血栓患者的高分辨磁共振血管壁成像影像图。T1 可变翻转角快速自旋回波序列(矢状位)分别可见基底动脉(图a)、大脑中动脉M2段下干(图b)管腔内高信号填充
表3 责任斑块和非责任斑块组患者间斑块成分及特征比较
表4 急性/亚急性脑梗死组、慢性脑梗死组、无脑梗死组患者间责任斑块成分及特征比较
表5 急性/亚急性脑梗死组、慢性脑梗死组、无脑梗死组间责任斑块血栓、IPH、斑块负荷的多元Logistic回归分析
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