| 1 |
GBD 2021 Stroke Risk Factor Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [J]. Lancet Neurol, 2024, 23(10): 973-1003.
|
| 2 |
Diener HC, Easton JD, Hart RG, et al. Review and update of the concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source [J]. Nat Rev Neurol, 2022, 18(8): 455-465.
|
| 3 |
赵久良, 沈海丽, 柴克霞, 等. 抗磷脂综合征诊疗规范 [J]. 中华内科杂志, 2022, 61(9): 1000-1007.
|
| 4 |
Mittal P, Quattrocchi G, Tohidi-Esfahani I, et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, and stroke [J]. Int J Stroke, 2023, 18(4): 383-391.
|
| 5 |
Torricelli AK, Ugolini-Lopes MR, Bonfá E, et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome damage index (DIAPS): distinct long-term kinetic in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome related to systemic lupus erythematosus [J]. Lupus, 2020, 29(3): 256-262.
|
| 6 |
Cervera R, Serrano R, Pons-Estel GJ, et al. Morbidity and mortality in the antiphospholipid syndrome during a 10-year period: a multicentre prospective study of 1000 patients [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2015, 74(6): 1011-1018.
|
| 7 |
Gaspar P, Sciascia S, Tektonidou MG. Epidemiology of antiphospholipid syndrome: macro- and microvascular manifestations [J]. Rheumatology, 2024, 63(SI): SI24-SI36.
|
| 8 |
Cervera R, Piette J, Font J, et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients [J]. Arthritis Rheum, 2002, 46(4): 1019-1027.
|
| 9 |
Grimaud F, Yelnik C, Pineton De Chambrun M, et al. Clinical and immunological features of antiphospholipid syndrome in the elderly: a retrospective national multicentre study [J]. Rheumatology, 2019, 58(6): 1006-1010.
|
| 10 |
Shi H, Teng J, Sun Y, et al. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of 252 Chinese patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome: comparison with Euro-Phospholipid cohort [J]. Clin Rheumatol, 2017, 36(3): 599-608.
|
| 11 |
Liu M, Li G, Song X, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of central nervous system manifestations in antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Sci Rep, 2023, 13(1): 8915.
|
| 12 |
Sciascia S, Sanna G, Khamashta MA, et al. The estimated frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies in young adults with cerebrovascular events: a systematic review [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2015, 74(11): 2028-2033.
|
| 13 |
Yang W, Kang MK, Ha SY, et al. Current status and role of antiphospholipid antibody testing in cryptogenic stroke [J]. Eur J Neurol, 2022, 29(3): 753-760.
|
| 14 |
Tektonidou MG. Cardiovascular disease risk in antiphospholipid syndrome: thrombo-inflammation and atherothrombosis [J]. J Autoimmun, 2022, 128: 102813.
|
| 15 |
Osmundo GS, Carvalho JF, Bortolotto LA, et al. Large artery dysfunction in primary antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. J Clin Rheumatol, 2018, 24(1): 14-17.
|
| 16 |
Liestøl S, Sandset PM, Jacobsen EM, et al. Decreased anticoagulant response to tissue factor pathway inhibitor type 1 in plasmas from patients with lupus anticoagulants [J]. Br J Haematol, 2007, 136(1): 131-137.
|
| 17 |
Oku K, Amengual O, Hisada R, et al. Autoantibodies against a complement component 1 q subcomponent contribute to complement activation and recurrent thrombosis/pregnancy morbidity in anti-phospholipid syndrome [J]. Rheumatology, 2016, 55(8): 1403-1411.
|
| 18 |
Arachchillage DRJ, Efthymiou M, Mackie IJ, et al. Anti‐protein C antibodies are associated with resistance to endogenous protein C activation and a severe thrombotic phenotype in antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2014, 12(11): 1801-1809.
|
| 19 |
Breen KA, Seed P, Parmar K, et al. Complement activation in patients with isolated antiphospholipid antibodies or primary antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Thromb Haemost, 2012, 107(3): 423-429.
|
| 20 |
Meroni PL, Riboldi P. Pathogenic mechanisms mediating antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2001, 13(5): 377-382.
|
| 21 |
Lopez-Pedrera C, Barbarroja N, Patiño-Trives AM, et al. New biomarkers for atherothrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome: genomics and epigenetics approaches [J]. Front Immunol, 2019, 10: 764.
|
| 22 |
Ha SH, Kim SU, Huh J, et al. Risk factors for cerebral infarction and cerebrovascular stenosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: a retrospective single-center study with propensity score matching analysis [J]. Medicine, 2024, 103(39): e39890.
|
| 23 |
Erkan D, Lockshin M. Non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Lupus, 2010, 19(4): 424-427.
|
| 24 |
Provenzale JM, Barboriak DP, Allen NB, et al. Patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: CT and MR findings of the brain [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1996, 167(6): 1573-1578.
|
| 25 |
Donnellan C, Cohen H, Werring DJ. Cognitive dysfunction and associated neuroimaging biomarkers in antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review [J]. Rheumatology, 2021, 61(1): 24-41.
|
| 26 |
Knight JS, Kanthi Y. Mechanisms of immunothrombosis and vasculopathy in antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Semin Immunopathol, 2022, 44(3): 347-362.
|
| 27 |
Barbhaiya M, Zuily S, Naden R, et al. 2023 ACR/EULAR antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2023, 82(10): 1258-1270.
|
| 28 |
Pengo V, Ruffatti A, Legnani C, et al. Clinical course of high‐risk patients diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2010, 8(2): 237-242.
|
| 29 |
Galli M, Luciani D, Bertolini G, et al. Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review of the literature [J]. Blood, 2003, 101(5): 1827-1832.
|
| 30 |
Vreede AP, Bockenstedt PL, McCune WJ, et al. Cryptic conspirators: a conversation about thrombocytopenia and antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2019, 31(3): 231-240.
|
| 31 |
Da Silva FF, Levy RA, De Carvalho JF. Cardiovascular risk factors in the antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. J Immunol Res, 2014, 2014: 1-6.
|
| 32 |
De Souza AWS, Silva NP, De Carvalho JF, et al. Impact of hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia on arterial thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Lupus, 2007, 16(10): 782-787.
|
| 33 |
Saraiva SDS, Custódio IF, Mazetto BDM, et al. Recurrent thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome may be associated with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory response [J]. Thromb Res, 2015, 136(6): 1174-1178.
|
| 34 |
Radin M, Sciascia S, Erkan D, et al. The adjusted global antiphospholipid syndrome score (aGAPSS) and the risk of recurrent thrombosis: results from the APS ACTION cohort [J]. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2019, 49(3): 464-468.
|
| 35 |
Barilaro G, Esteves A, Della Rocca C, et al. Predictive value of the adjusted Global Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome Score on clinical recurrence in APS patients: a longitudinal study [J]. Rheumatology, 2023, 62(4): 1576-1585.
|
| 36 |
Radin M, Schreiber K, Cecchi I, et al. The risk of ischaemic stroke in primary antiphospholipid syndrome patients: a prospective study [J]. Eur J Neurol, 2018, 25(2): 320-325.
|
| 37 |
Song X, Fan Y, Jia Y, et al. A novel aGAPSS-based nomogram for the prediction of ischemic stroke in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 930087.
|
| 38 |
Fan Y, Xu Y, Zhang S, et al. Stroke and risk factors in antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. J Pers Med, 2023, 14(1): 24.
|
| 39 |
Urbanus RT, Siegerink B, Roest M, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study [J]. Lancet Neurol, 2009, 8(11): 998-1005.
|
| 40 |
Wang Q, Han G, Sha Y, et al. Current status and value of testing antiphospholipid antibody in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective single-center study in China [J]. Neurol Sci, 2024, 45(3): 1121-1128.
|
| 41 |
Matus-Mayorga R, Barrera-Vargas A, Rull-Gabayet M, et al. Risk factors for ischemic antiphospholipid syndrome: a case-control study [J]. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2021, 202: 106492.
|
| 42 |
Yang W, Kang DW, Kim JM, et al. Neuroimaging features of antiphospholipid antibody-related stroke compared with atrial fibrillation-related stroke [J]. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 11686.
|
| 43 |
Debette S, Markus HS. The clinical importance of white matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. BMJ, 2010, 341(jul26 1): c3666-c3666.
|
| 44 |
Naftali J, Barnea R, Eliahou R, et al. Significance of cerebral microinfarcts in antiphospholipid syndrome: a population-based study [J]. Int J Stroke, 2025, 20(2): 186-195.
|
| 45 |
Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2006, 4(2): 295-306.
|
| 46 |
Devreese KMJ, De Groot PG, De Laat B, et al. Guidance from the Scientific and Standardization Committee for lupus anticoagulant/antiphospholipid antibodies of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2020, 18(11): 2828-2839.
|
| 47 |
Cohen H, Werring DJ, Chandratheva A, et al. Survey on antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosis and antithrombotic treatment in patients with ischemic stroke, other brain ischemic injury, or arterial thromboembolism in other sites: communication from ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibodies [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2023, 21(10): 2963-2976.
|
| 48 |
Hanarz M, Ząbczyk M, Natorska J, et al. Positive antiphospholipid antibodies increase the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2024, 22(10): 2797-2809.
|
| 49 |
Drosos GC, Vedder D, Houben E, et al. EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2022, 81(6): 768-779.
|
| 50 |
Arnaud L, Mathian A, Ruffatti A, et al. Efficacy of aspirin for the primary prevention of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: an international and collaborative meta-analysis [J]. Autoimmun Rev, 2014, 13(3): 281-291.
|
| 51 |
Bushnell C, Kernan WN, Sharrief AZ, et al. 2024 guideline for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association [J]. Stroke, 2024, 55(12): e344-e424.
|
| 52 |
Pengo V, Ruffatti A, Legnani C, et al. Incidence of a first thromboembolic event in asymptomatic carriers of high-risk antiphospholipid antibody profile: a multicenter prospective study [J]. Blood, 2011, 118(17): 4714-4718.
|
| 53 |
Khamashta MA, Cuadrado MJ, Mujic F, et al. The management of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome [J]. N Engl J Med, 1995, 332(15): 993-997.
|
| 54 |
Arachchillage DJ, Platton S, Hickey K, et al. Guidelines on the investigation and management of antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Br J Haematol, 2024, 205(3): 855-880.
|
| 55 |
Finazzi G, Marchioli R, Brancaccio V, et al. A randomized clinical trial of high‐intensity warfarin vs. conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS) [J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2005, 3(5): 848-853.
|
| 56 |
Jackson WG, Oromendia C, Unlu O, et al. Recurrent thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and arterial thrombosis on antithrombotic therapy [J]. Blood Adv, 2017, 1(25): 2320-2324.
|
| 57 |
Khairani CD, Bejjani A, Piazza G, et al. Direct oral anticoagulants vs vitamin K antagonists in patients with antiphospholipid syndromes [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2023, 81(1): 16-30.
|
| 58 |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国缺血性卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南2022 [J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2022, 55(10): 1071-1110.
|
| 59 |
Kwon OC, Park YB, Park MC. Effect of statins on the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome [J]. Rheumatology, 2022, 61(4): 1548-1555.
|