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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (03) : 215 -223. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1673-9248.2024.03.004

论著

基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗的价值
于乐林1, 尚海龙1, 杜红娣1, 王莺1, 王一超1, 徐长贺1, 叶娟1, 赵世伟1, 郑芳慧1, 沈慧2, 沈海林1,()   
  1. 1. 215028 苏州,上海交通大学医学院苏州九龙医院影像科
    2. 215028 苏州,上海交通大学医学院苏州九龙医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-09 出版日期:2024-06-01
  • 通信作者: 沈海林
  • 基金资助:
    2021年苏州九龙医院科研预研基金项目(SZJL202112); 苏州市医学会应用基础研究-医疗卫生(2022YX-Q04)

The value of predicting contrast agent extravasation after mechanical thrombectomy for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion based on radiomics features of non-contrast computed tomography

Lelin Yu1, Hailong Shang1, Hongdi Du1, Ying Wang1, Yichao Wang1, Changhe Xu1, Juan Ye1, Shiwei Zhao1, Fanghui Zheng1, Hui Shen2, Hailin Shen1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Radiology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215028, China
    2. Department of Neurology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215028, China
  • Received:2023-12-09 Published:2024-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Hailin Shen
引用本文:

于乐林, 尚海龙, 杜红娣, 王莺, 王一超, 徐长贺, 叶娟, 赵世伟, 郑芳慧, 沈慧, 沈海林. 基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗的价值[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 215-223.

Lelin Yu, Hailong Shang, Hongdi Du, Ying Wang, Yichao Wang, Changhe Xu, Juan Ye, Shiwei Zhao, Fanghui Zheng, Hui Shen, Hailin Shen. The value of predicting contrast agent extravasation after mechanical thrombectomy for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion based on radiomics features of non-contrast computed tomography[J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(03): 215-223.

目的

探讨基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测单侧大脑中动脉闭塞性卒中患者血管内机械取栓术造影剂外渗的应用价值。

方法

收集2015年12月至2022年12月经上海交通大学医学院苏州九龙医院临床诊断为大脑中动脉血栓并行血管内机械取栓术的患者96例,其中渗出组67例,非渗出组29例,所有病例以7∶3的比例随机分为训练集(67例)与测试集(29例),应用ITK-SNAP软件对CT平扫图像进行感兴趣区域勾画,提取影像组学特征;使用Mann-Whitney U检验、Pearson相关与最小绝对收缩和选择算子进行特征筛选。在训练集与测试集使用随机森林与极限梯度提升进行建模,分别绘制受试者操作特征曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感度、特异度及最佳阈值,应用决策曲线分析评估所得到模型的临床应用价值。

结果

通过筛选得到6个最大预测效能影像组学特征,随机森林的训练模型具有最高的预测效能,该模型在训练集AUC值为0.997,95%CI:0.990~1.000,准确性、敏感度、特异度及最佳阈值分别为97.0%、97.8%、95.2%及0.700,决策曲线显示模型阈值在0.5~0.9的区间内具有较高的临床净收益。

结论

基于CT平扫的影像组学特征对大脑中动脉血栓患者机械取栓术后的造影剂外渗具有较高的预测价值。

Objective

To explore the application value of imaging omics based on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) in predicting extravasation of contrast agents during endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke.

Methods

A total of 96 patients with clinically diagnosed middle cerebral artery thrombosis and underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in Suzhou kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, were collected, including 67 patients in the exudative group and 29 patients in the non-exudative group. All patients were randomly assigned into a training set (67 cases) and a test set (29 cases) at a ratio of 7:3. The regions of interest of NCCT images were delineated using ITK-SNAP software to extract radiological characteristics. Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson), and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used for feature selection. Models were trained and tested using Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The ROC curves were plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and optimal thresholds were calculated. The clinical utility of the models was further assessed through decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Through screening, we obtained 6 imaging radiomics features that have the greatest predictive power. The training model of RF demonstrated the highest predictive efficiency. The AUC value of the model in the training group was 0.997, 95%CI: 0.990-1.000, and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and optimal thresholds were 97.0%, 97.8%, 95.2%, and 0.700, respectively. The DCA curve showed that the model threshold had a high clinical net benefit across a broad range, specifically from 0.5 to 0.9.

Conclusion

Machine learning based on NCCT demonstrates a high predictive value for the extravasation detection of contrast media during embolectomy of the middle cerebral artery.

图1 大脑前循环梗死患者CT平扫图像分割、图像特征提取和筛选及模型构建流程图 注:NCCT为CT平扫,ROI为感兴趣区域;GLCM为灰度共生矩阵,GLRLM为灰度级长矩阵,GLSZM灰度级带矩阵,GLDM为灰度依赖性矩阵,Lasso分析为最小绝对收缩和选择算子分析,ROC为受试者操作特征曲线
表1 大脑前循环梗死患者训练集中外渗组与非外渗组基本临床资料比较
表2 大脑前循环梗死患者训练集及与测试集临床资料比较
图2 筛选得到的6个最大预测效能特征的权重图 注:feature_name为特征名称;wavelet:小波变换;HHL:表示图像用X方向的高通函数滤波、Y方向的高通函数滤波、Z方向的低通函数滤波;firstoder:一阶统计;interquartileRange:四分位数范围;LHH:表示图像用X方向的低通函数滤波、Y方向的高通函数滤波、Z方向的高通函数滤波;Skewness:偏度;glszm:灰度级带矩阵;GrayLevelNonUniformityNormalized:归一化灰度不均匀性;gldm:灰度依赖性矩阵;DependenceNonUniformityNormalized:归一化依赖不均匀性;LLH:表示图像用X方向的低通函数滤波、Y方向的低通函数滤波、Z方向的高通函数滤波;ZonePercentage:区域百分比;square:平方,即获取图像强度值的平方;SmallDependenceEmphasis:小依赖强调
表3 随机森林、XGBoost模型的训练集及测试集的诊断效能汇总
图3 基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗的随机森林模型训练集与测试集受试者操作特征分析曲线 注:Train为训练集;Test为测试集;AUC为曲线下面积
图4 基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗的随机森林训练集模型的决策曲线 注:Treat all表示所有造影剂外渗患者;Treat none表示所有造影剂未外渗患者
图5 基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗列线图 注:Radscore为影像组学评分;Procedure time为手术时长,Risk为风险概率,Total Points为总分,Points为评分
图6 基于CT平扫的影像组学特征预测急性大脑中动脉闭塞机械取栓术后造影剂外渗的列线图的校准曲线
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