脑卒中是导致人类死亡的第一大病因和成人残疾的主要原因。随着社会老龄化、城市化进程加速和民众不健康生活方式的流行，我国脑卒中疾病负担呈现快速增长态势。国家卫生健康委于2021年启动了“加强脑卒中防治工作减少百万新发残疾工程”，并于2023年5月成立国家卫生健康委加强脑卒中防治工作减少百万新发残疾工程专家委员会，旨在依托全国的专家团队指导脑卒中防治工作，系统性提升脑卒中防治能力，加速推进“减少百万新发残疾”目标的实现。本文主要介绍了工程的组织架构、工作模式、实施策略和取得的初步成效。

Stroke is the leading cause of human popularization and the primary cause of adult disability. With accelerated societal aging, rapid urbanization, and the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles in China, the disease burden of stroke has shown a rapid growth trend. In 2021, the National Health Commission launched the "Strengthening Stroke Prevention and Treatment Project to Reduce One Million New Disabilities". Subsequently, in May 2023, it established the Expert Committee for Strengthening Stroke Prevention and Treatment and Reducing One Million New Disabilities under the National Health Commission. These initiatives aim to leverage nationwide expert teams to guide stroke prevention and treatment efforts, systematically enhance stroke management capabilities, and accelerate progress toward achieving the "One Million New Disabilities Reduction" target. This article primarily introduces the project's organizational structure, operational model, implementation strategies, and preliminary outcomes achieved.