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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 170 -177. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.02.009

临床研究

急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时营养风险的影响因素
霍俊艳, 朱翠婷, 何明月, 胡秀朝, 王韵()   
  1. 100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-22 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 王韵
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82301589)

Analysis of factors influencing nutritional risk on admission in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Junyan Huo, Cuiting Zhu, Mingyue He, Xiuzhao Hu, Yun Wang()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2026-01-22 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Yun Wang
引用本文:

霍俊艳, 朱翠婷, 何明月, 胡秀朝, 王韵. 急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时营养风险的影响因素[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 170-177.

Junyan Huo, Cuiting Zhu, Mingyue He, Xiuzhao Hu, Yun Wang. Analysis of factors influencing nutritional risk on admission in patients with acute ischemic stroke[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 170-177.

目的

探究急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)住院患者营养风险发生率及其影响因素。

方法

回顾性收集2024年8月1日至2025年7月31日在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院常营院区神经内科住院的AIS患者的基线数据,分别采用营养风险指数控制营养情况(CONUT)、老年营养风险指数(GNRI)和预后营养指数(PNI)评估患者的营养状况。统计AIS患者营养风险的发生率,应用多因素Logistic回归分析营养风险的相关影响因素。

结果

共纳入691例AIS患者,采用CONUT评分、GNRI评分、PNI评分评估AIS患者营养风险的发生率分别为53.26%、12.45%和2.17%。利用CONUT评分进行多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄(OR=1.031,95%CI:1.014~1.048)、既往冠心病史(OR=1.934,95%CI:1.243~3.007)、肾功能不全(OR=2.123,95%CI:1.038~4.342)均可能增加AIS患者入院时的营养风险。根据GNRI评分进行多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:肾功能不全(OR=73.631,95%CI:21.675~250.126)可能增加AIS患者入院时的营养风险,体质量指数(BMI;OR=0.491,95%CI:0.413~0.583)可能是其保护因素。

结论

年龄、既往冠心病史、肾功能不全均是AIS患者入院时发生营养风险的危险因素,BMI是AIS患者入院时发生营养风险的保护因素。

Objective

To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of nutritional risk in hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods

Patients with AIS admitted to the Neurology Department of Changying Campus, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 1, 2024, to July 31, 2025, were retrospectively included. Nutritional status was assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status Index (CONUT) score, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). The incidence of nutritional risk in AIS patients was calculated, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related influencing factors.

Results

A total of 691 AIS patients were included. The incidence of nutritional risk assessed by CONUT score, GNRI score, and PNI score was 53.26%, 12.45%, and 2.17%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis based on CONUT score showed that age (OR=1.031, 95%CI: 1.014 – 1.048), history of coronary heart disease (OR=1.934, 95%CI: 1.243 – 3.007), and renal insufficiency (OR=2.123, 95%CI: 1.038 – 4.342) may increase nutritional risk upon admission in AIS patients. According to the GNRI score, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that renal insufficiency (OR=73.631, 95%CI: 21.675 – 250.126) may increase nutritional risk upon admission in AIS patients, while body mass index (BMI; OR=0.491, 95%CI: 0.413 – 0.583) may be a protective factor.

Conclusion

Age, history of coronary heart disease, and renal insufficiency are risk factors for nutritional risk upon admission in AIS patients, while BMI is a protective factor.

表1 不同评价方法下691例急性缺血性脑卒中患者发生营养风险的情况[例(%)]
表2 2组急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床特征比较(按CONUT评分分组)
表3 2组急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床特征比较(按GNRI评分分组)
表4 2组急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床特征比较(按PNI评分分组)
表5 急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时营养风险多因素Logistic回归分析结果(按CONUT评分)
表6 急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时营养风险多因素Logistic回归分析结果(按GNRI评分)
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