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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 280 -286. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.03.007

临床研究

前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者行血管内治疗的临床疗效
辛伽伦1, 卑红喆2, 何佳3, 鞠东升4, 孙太欣5, 马熙岳6, 陈佳佳7, 李振波8, 王伟9, 郭强1, 张恒1, 王杰1, 姚力1,()   
  1. 1 710007 陕西西安,西电集团医院神经内科
    2 014010 内蒙古包头,内蒙古包钢医院神经内科
    3 610041 四川成都,通用医疗成都三六三医院神经内科
    4 138000 吉林松原,松原吉林油田医院神经内科
    5 100073 北京电力医院神经内科
    6 150066 黑龙江哈尔滨,哈尔滨二四二医院神经内科
    7 710003 陕西西安,通用医疗西安医院神经内科
    8 710016 陕西西安,通用环球西安西航医院神经内科
    9 710018 陕西西安,西安市急救中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-31 出版日期:2026-06-01
  • 通信作者: 姚力
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基金一般项目-面上项目(2024JC-YBMS-781); 通用环球医疗科研扶持基金重点课题(UM0125003)

Clinical trial of endovascular therapy for acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting with minor stroke

Jialun Xin1, Hongzhe Bei2, Jia He3, Dongsheng Ju4, Taixin Sun5, Xiyue Ma6, Jiajia Chen7, Zhenbo Li8, Wei Wang9, Qiang Guo1, Heng Zhang1, Jie Wang1, Li Yao1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an 710007, China
    2 Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou 014010, China
    3 Department of Neurology, General Medical Chengdu 363 Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
    4 Department of Neurology, Songyuan Jilin Oilfield Hospital, Songyuan 138000, China
    5 Department of Neurology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing 100073, China
    6 Department of Neurology, Harbin 242 Hospital, Harbin 150066, China
    7 Department of Neurology, General Medical Xi'an Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
    8 Department of Neurology, General Global Xi'an Xihang Hospital, Xi'an 710016, China
    9 Xi'an Emergency Center, Xi'an 710018, China
  • Received:2025-12-31 Published:2026-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Li Yao
引用本文:

辛伽伦, 卑红喆, 何佳, 鞠东升, 孙太欣, 马熙岳, 陈佳佳, 李振波, 王伟, 郭强, 张恒, 王杰, 姚力. 前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者行血管内治疗的临床疗效[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 280-286.

Jialun Xin, Hongzhe Bei, Jia He, Dongsheng Ju, Taixin Sun, Xiyue Ma, Jiajia Chen, Zhenbo Li, Wei Wang, Qiang Guo, Heng Zhang, Jie Wang, Li Yao. Clinical trial of endovascular therapy for acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting with minor stroke[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 280-286.

目的

基于CT灌注成像(CTP)评估前循环急性大血管闭塞(ELVO)性轻型脑卒中患者行血管内治疗(EVT)的有效性和安全性。

方法

回顾性连续收集2021年1月至2023年12月在8家医院收治的前循环ELVO性轻型脑卒中患者为研究对象,根据初始选择的治疗策略,分为EVT组74例和最佳药物治疗(BMT)组110例。比较2组患者的治疗效果[入院24 h 美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、入院72 h NIHSS评分、出院时NIHSS评分、早期神经功能恶化(END)发生率]、安全性[症状性颅内出血(sICH)发生率]和预后[随访90 d 改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、1年内缺血性脑卒中复发率和病死率]。收集EVT组手术相关资料[患者入院到股动脉穿刺成功时间(DPT)、术后改良脑梗死溶栓(mTICI)分级]。所有患者在治疗前、治疗后3 d内,以及随访90 d时均行头颅CTP评估,比较2组患者的梗死核心(rCBF<30%区域)与灌注减低区(Tmax>6 s区域)体积。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。

结果

EVT组术后即刻达到mTICI 2b级及以上成功再通率为95.95%。与BMT组患者相比,EVT组患者入院24 h、72 h及出院时的NIHSS评分[2(0,8)分 vs 2(1,10)分,1(0,10)分 vs 1(0,14)分,0(0,7)分 vs 1(0,12)分]均显著下降,END发生率显著降低(13.51% vs 30.00%),差异均有统计学意义(Z=-4.007、-4.677、-4.563,χ2=6.714,P<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、=0.010)。与BMT组相比,EVT组随访90 d时预后良好和预后极好的患者比例均更高(86.49% vs 72.73%;68.92% vs 47.27%),1年内缺血性脑卒中复发患者比例更低(5.41% vs 16.36%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.923、8.412、4.059,P=0.027、0.004、0.044)。EVT组患者的症状性颅内出血发生率(2.70% vs 1.82%)、1年内病死率(4.05% vs 1.82%)均较BMT组患者稍高,但差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.000、0.205,P>0.999、=0.651)。与BMT相比,EVT可在早期明显降低患者的梗死核心及灌注减低区体积(P均<0.05);随访90 d时,EVT组与BMT组患者的灌注减低区体积均较基线显著下降(Z=-10.504、-12.819,P均<0.001),而EVT组较BMT组有明显更小的灌注减低区体积,差异有统计学意义(Z=-9.897,P<0.001)。

结论

前循环ELVO性轻型脑卒中患者行EVT是安全有效的,对该类患者早期行EVT可显著降低梗死核心及灌注减低区体积,进而预防END及缺血性脑卒中复发。

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) guided by CT perfusion imaging (CTP) in patients with minor stroke caused by emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) in the anterior circulation.

Methods

A retrospective, consecutive cohort of patients with anterior circulation ELVO-related minor stroke admitted to 8 hospitals between January 2021 and December 2023 was enrolled. Based on the initial treatment strategy, patients were divided into the EVT group (n=74) and the best medical therapy (BMT) group (n=110). Treatment outcomes [24-hour National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score, 72-hour NIHSS score, discharge NIHSS score, incidence of early neurological deterioration (END)], safety [incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH)], and follow-up outcomes [90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) score, 1-year ischemic stroke recurrence rate, and mortality] were compared between the two groups. Procedural data for the EVT group [door-to-puncture time (DPT), post-procedural modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade] were collected. All patients underwent cranial CTP assessment before treatment, within 3 days after treatment, and at the 90-day follow-up. The volumes of the infarct core (region with relative cerebral blood flow <30%) and the hypoperfusion region (region with Tmax >6 s) were compared between the two groups. Independent samples t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups. The χ2 test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.

Results

The immediate successful recanalization rate (mTICI grade ≥2b) in the EVT group was 95.95%. Compared with the BMT group, the EVT group demonstrated significantly lower NIHSS scores at 24 hours [2 (0, 8) vs 2 (1, 10)], 72 hours [1 (0, 10) vs 1 (0, 14)], and at discharge [0 (0, 7) vs 1 (0, 12)], along with a significantly lower incidence of END (13.51% vs 30.00%). These differences were statistically significant (Z=-4.007, -4.677, -4.563, χ2=6.714; P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, =0.010). At the 90-day follow-up, the EVT group had significantly higher proportions of patients with favorable functional outcomes (86.49% vs 72.73%, χ2=4.923, P=0.027) and excellent functional outcomes (68.92% vs 47.27%, χ2=8.412, P=0.004), as well as a significantly lower 1-year ischemic stroke recurrence rate (5.41% vs 16.36%, χ2=4.059, P=0.044). The incidence of sICH (2.70% vs 1.82%) and the 1-year mortality rate (4.05% vs 1.82%) were slightly higher in the EVT group than in the BMT group, but the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=0.000, 0.205; P>0.999, =0.651). Compared with BMT, EVT significantly reduced the volumes of the infarct core and the hypoperfusion region in the early phase (all P<0.05). At the 90-day follow-up, the hypoperfusion volume decreased significantly from baseline in both the EVT and BMT groups (Z=-10.504, P<0.001; Z=-12.819, P<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, the EVT group exhibited a significantly smaller hypoperfusion volume than the BMT group (Z=-9.897, P<0.001).

Conclusion

EVT is safe and effective for minor strokes caused by anterior circulation ELVO. Early administration of EVT in these patients can significantly reduce the volumes of the infarct core and hypoperfusion region, thereby preventing END and ischemic stroke recurrence.

表1 2组前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者的基线临床资料比较
表2 2组前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者的临床预后比较
表3 2组前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者的随访预后比较[例(%)]
表4 2组前循环急性大血管闭塞性轻型脑卒中患者治疗前后CT灌注成像参数比较[mL,MQ1Q3)]
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