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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04) : 284 -289. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2025.04.004

论著

脑淀粉样血管病脑内铁沉积特征及其与认知障碍的相关性
方世元1, 沙宇惠1, 孙淦2, 倪俊1,(), 彭斌1,()   
  1. 1 100730 北京,中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 北京协和医院神经科 疑难重症及罕见病国家重点实验室
    2 100730 北京,中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 临床医学研究所 转化医学国家重大科技基础设施 诊疗新技术研发平台
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-27 出版日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 倪俊, 彭斌
  • 基金资助:
    中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2022-I2M-1-001)

Brain iron deposition and its association with cognition in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a preliminary investigation

Shiyuan Fang1, Yuhui Sha1, Gan Sun2, Jun Ni1,(), Bin Peng1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
    2 Theranostics and Translational Research Center, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2024-12-27 Published:2025-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Jun Ni, Bin Peng
引用本文:

方世元, 沙宇惠, 孙淦, 倪俊, 彭斌. 脑淀粉样血管病脑内铁沉积特征及其与认知障碍的相关性[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(04): 284-289.

Shiyuan Fang, Yuhui Sha, Gan Sun, Jun Ni, Bin Peng. Brain iron deposition and its association with cognition in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a preliminary investigation[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(04): 284-289.

目的

探究脑淀粉样血管病(CAA)患者脑内铁沉积的分布规律及铁沉积水平与CAA认知障碍的相关性。

方法

纳入2024年5月至11月就诊于北京协和医院神经科门诊的CAA患者,使用定量磁化率成像技术无创评估患者脑内铁沉积情况,使用简明精神状态检查表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)进行认知评估。使用影像处理工作站将受试者全脑自动分割为106个感兴趣脑区,并计算各个感兴趣区的磁化率值。使用单因素线性回归模型分析各脑区磁化率值与认知评分的相关性。

结果

共纳入13例CAA患者,其中男性11例(84.6%),年龄为70.0(59.0,74.5)岁。13例患者的MMSE评分为25(22,28)分,MoCA评分为19(14,22)分。在CAA患者中,苍白球[48.15(40.50,81.08)]、壳核[36.15(23.98,48.98)]、尾状核[27.20(10.07,39.85)]的磁化率值均显著高于其他核团和皮质。左侧壳核(β=-0.229,P=0.036)、右侧楔前叶(β=-0.618,P=0.045)与MMSE评分均呈显著负相关;未发现任何脑区的磁化率值与MoCA评分呈显著负相关。

结论

CAA患者以基底节区为主要铁沉积区域。壳核、顶叶(楔前叶)的铁沉积增多可能与CAA患者的认知下降相关。

Objective

To investigate the distribution patterns of cerebral iron deposition in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and to examine the correlation between iron deposition levels and cognitive impairment in CAA.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with CAA at the Neurology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between May and November 2024 were enrolled. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to noninvasively assess cerebral iron deposition. Cognitive function was evaluated using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). An imaging processing workstation automatically segmented the whole brain into 106 regions of interest (ROIs), and the magnetic susceptibility values of each ROI were calculated. A univariate linear regression model was employed to analyze the correlation between magnetic susceptibility values in each brain region and cognitive scores.

Results

A total of 13 CAA patients were included, of whom 11 (84.6%) were male, with a median age of 70.0 (59.0, 74.5) years. The median MMSE score was 25 (22, 28), and the median MoCA score was 19 (14, 22). In CAA patients, magnetic susceptibility values were significantly higher in the globus pallidus [48.15 (40.50, 81.08)], putamen [36.15 (23.98, 48.98)], and caudate nucleus [27.20 (10.07, 39.85)] compared to other nuclei and cortical regions. The left putamen (β=-0.229, P=0.036) and right precuneus (β=-0.618, P= 0.045) showed significant negative correlations with MMSE scores. No significant correlation was found between regional magnetic susceptibility and MoCA scores. 

Conclusion

In CAA patients, iron deposition is predominantly localized in the basal ganglia. Elevated iron deposition in the putamen and parietal lobe (precuneus) may be associated with cognitive decline in CAA.

图1 82岁男性脑淀粉样血管病患者磁共振成像图。图a为磁敏感加权成像(SWI)序列,可见左侧枕叶皮质多发微出血灶(白色箭头),尾状核头未见SWI低信号(黄色箭头);图b为定量磁化率成像,可见左侧枕叶皮质微出血灶局部(白色箭头)及双侧尾状核头(黄色箭头)磁化率升高
表1 脑淀粉样血管病患者深部核团磁化率值及核团间差异
表2 脑淀粉样血管病患者脑铁沉积水平与简明精神状态检查量表评分的相关性
表3 脑淀粉样血管病患者脑铁沉积水平与蒙特利尔认知评估量表评分的相关性
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