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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 372 -379. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.04.004

临床研究

炎症标志物在大梗死核心与非大梗死核心急性缺血性脑卒中行血管内治疗的预后价值
曾陈颖, 陈云清, 徐祖兵, 余求龙, 林晶, 洪道俊, 涂琪()   
  1. 330006 江西南昌,南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-06 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 涂琪
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82460247)

Prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular therapy: a comparison between large and non-large ischemic cores

Chenying Zeng, Yunqing Chen, Zubing Xu, Qiulong Yu, Jing Lin, Daojun Hong, Qi Tu()   

  1. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
  • Received:2026-07-06 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Qi Tu
引用本文:

曾陈颖, 陈云清, 徐祖兵, 余求龙, 林晶, 洪道俊, 涂琪. 炎症标志物在大梗死核心与非大梗死核心急性缺血性脑卒中行血管内治疗的预后价值[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 372-379.

Chenying Zeng, Yunqing Chen, Zubing Xu, Qiulong Yu, Jing Lin, Daojun Hong, Qi Tu. Prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular therapy: a comparison between large and non-large ischemic cores[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 372-379.

目的

探究大梗死核心与非大梗死核心急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)行血管内治疗(EVT)患者的外周血炎症标志物与术后90 d预后的相关性。

方法

回顾性收集2019年11月至2025年1月南昌大学第一附属医院收治的接受EVT的前循环AIS患者为研究对象,根据梗死核心体积将所有患者分为大梗死核心组(梗死核心体积≥50 mL)与非大梗死核心组(梗死核心体积<50 mL);并进一步根据术后90 d改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将2组患者再细分为功能独立组(mRS评分0~2分)与非功能独立组(mRS评分>2分)。比较患者的人口学特征、既往史、临床资料、神经影像学特征、实验室检查指标[包含炎症标志物:中性粒细胞计数与淋巴细胞计数比值(NLR)、淋巴细胞计数与单核细胞计数比值(LMR)与系统性炎症反应指数(SIRI)]及随访资料。计量资料组间比较采用t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确概率法检验。采用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析筛选影响术后90 d功能独立的预测因子。

结果

本研究最终纳入913例接受EVT的前循环AIS患者,大梗死核心组患者270例,其中,功能独立组患者73例、非功能独立组患者197例;非大梗死核心组患者643例,其中,功能独立组患者335例,非功能独立组患者308例。在大梗死核心组中,功能独立组和非功能独立组患者的NLR分别为4.63(2.85,7.60)和5.89(3.99,10.00),差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.518,P=0.012);功能独立组和非功能独立组患者的LMR分别为3.25(2.16,5.24)和3.17(2.22,4.26),SIRI分别为1.93(0.92,3.61)和2.38(1.35,3.84),差异均无统计学意义(Z=-0.575、-1.584,P=0.565、0.113)。在非大梗死核心组中,功能独立组和非功能独立组患者的NLR分别为4.63(3.07,6.86)和5.27(4.02,8.93),LMR分别为3.50(2.74,4.45)和3.32(2.27,4.24),SIRI分别为1.88(1.09,2.65)和2.00(1.34,3.39),差异均有统计学意义(Z=-3.521、-2.806、-3.153,P<0.001、=0.005、=0.002)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:在大梗死核心组中,NLR、LMR、SIRI与接受EVT的前循环AIS患者术后90 d功能独立均无显著相关性(P均>0.05);在非大梗死核心组中,NLR、LMR、SIRI均为接受EVT的前循环AIS患者术后90 d功能独立的预测因子(P均<0.05)。

结论

NLR、LMR、SIRI是接受EVT的前循环非大梗死核心AIS患者术后90 d功能独立的预测因子,但对大梗死核心患者无明显预测价值。

Objective

To investigate the association between peripheral blood inflammatory biomarkers and 90-day functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large ischemic cores versus non-large ischemic cores undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT).

Methods

This retrospective study consecutively enrolled patients with anterior circulation AIS who underwent EVT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between November 2019 and January 2025. According to ischemic core volume, patients were categorized into the large ischemic core group (ischemic core volume ≥50 mL) and the non-large ischemic core group (ischemic core volume <50 mL). Furthermore, based on the 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores, each group was subdivided into a functionally independent group (mRS score 0 to 2) and a non-functionally independent group (mRS score >2). Demographic characteristics, medical history, clinical data, neuroimaging findings, laboratory parameters—including inflammatory biomarkers [neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI)], and follow-up data were compared between groups. Continuous variables were analyzed using the student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 90-day functional independence.

Results

A total of 913 patients with anterior circulation AIS who underwent EVT were included in the final analysis. Among them, 270 patients had large ischemic cores, including 73 patients with functional independence and 197 patients without functional independence; 643 patients had non-large ischemic cores, including 335 patients with functional independence and 308 patients without functional independence. In the large ischemic core group, the median NLR values were 4.63 (2.85, 7.60) in the functional independence group and 5.89 (3.99, 10.00) in the non-functional independence group, with a significant difference between groups (Z=-2.518, P=0.012). However, no significant differences were observed for LMR [3.25 (2.16, 5.24) vs 3.17 (2.22, 4.26), Z=-0.575, P=0.565] or SIRI [1.93 (0.92, 3.61) vs 2.38 (1.35, 3.84), Z=-1.584, P=0.113]. In the non-large ischemic core group, significant differences were observed between the functional independence and non-functional independence groups in NLR [4.63 (3.07, 6.86) vs 5.27 (4.02, 8.93), Z=-3.521, P<0.001], LMR [3.50 (2.74, 4.45) vs 3.32 (2.27, 4.24), Z=-2.806, P=0.005], and SIRI [1.88 (1.09, 2.65) vs 2.00 (1.34, 3.39), Z=-3.153, P=0.002]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that NLR, LMR, and SIRI were not significantly associated with 90-day functional independence in patients with large ischemic cores undergoing EVT (all P>0.05). In contrast, NLR, LMR, and SIRI were independent predictors of 90-day functional independence in patients with non-large ischemic cores undergoing EVT (all P<0.05).

Conclusion

NLR, LMR, and SIRI are independent predictors of 90-day functional independence in patients with anterior circulation AIS and non-large ischemic cores undergoing EVT. However, these inflammatory biomarkers lack significant predictive value in patients with large ischemic cores.

表1 大梗死核心(梗死核心≥50 mL)急性缺血性脑卒中中功能独立与非功能独立患者的临床资料、神经影像学特征及实验室检查指标比较
项目 功能独立组(n=73) 非功能独立组(n=197) 统计值 P
年龄[岁,MQ1Q3)] 59.00(52.00,68.00) 70.00(62.00,77.00) Z=-5.819 <0.001
男性[例(%)] 58(79.45) 129(65.48) χ2=4.882 0.027
高血压史[例(%)] 38(52.05) 131(66.50) χ2=4.745 0.029
糖尿病史[例(%)] 15(20.55) 37(18.78) χ2=0.107 0.744
脑卒中史[例(%)] - 0.368
66(90.41) 165(83.76)
缺血性 7(9.59) 30(15.23)
出血性 0(0) 2(1.02)
心房颤动史[例(%)] 21(28.77) 108(54.82) χ2=14.492 <0.001
入院时收缩压(mmHg,
±s
128.14±20.19 125.96±21.02 t=-0.764 0.445
入院时舒张压(mmHg,
±s
73.84±14.08 73.38±14.13 t=-0.235 0.814
基线NIHSS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 14.00(10.50,18.50) 18.00(14.00,23.00) Z=-4.147 <0.001
发病至入院时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 240.00(116.00,406.50) 234.00(100.00,367.50) Z=-0.637 0.524
血管穿刺至再灌注时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 83.00(56.00,92.50) 78.00(52.00,97.50) Z=-0.491 0.624
入院至血管穿刺时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 105.00(86.00,134.00) 100.00(80.50,124.00) Z=-1.006 0.315
半暗带体积[mL,MQ1Q3)] 110.82(71.61,165.23) 100.04(62.60,153.29) Z=-0.926 0.355
错配比[MQ1Q3)] 2.37(1.75,2.96) 2.10(1.55,2.96) Z=-1.463 0.144
mTICI[例(%)] χ2=2.496 0.114
0~2a级 3(4.11) 20(10.15)
2b~3级 70(95.89) 177(89.85)
sICH并发症[例(%)] 5(6.85) 52(26.40) χ2=12.219 <0.001
脑卒中病因[例(%)] χ2=13.159 0.004
动脉粥样硬化 23(31.51) 47(23.86)
心源性栓塞 32(43.84) 118(59.90)
原因不明 7(9.59) 24(12.18)
其他原因 11(15.07) 8(4.06)
血糖[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 7.37(6.63,8.44) 7.82(6.48,8.97) Z=-1.166 0.244
白细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 8.33(6.48,10.86) 9.11(6.97,11.22) Z=-1.275 0.202
中性粒细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 6.37(4.25,8.31) 7.21(4.94,9.36) Z=-2.135 0.033
淋巴细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.31(1.02,1.85) 1.19(0.76,1.64) Z=-1.864 0.062
单核细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 0.44(0.35,0.56) 0.41(0.28,0.49) Z=-1.904 0.057
NLR[MQ1Q3)] 4.63(2.85,7.60) 5.89(3.99,10.00) Z=-2.518 0.012
LMR[MQ1Q3)] 3.25(2.16,5.24) 3.17(2.22,4.26) Z=-0.575 0.565
SIRI[MQ1Q3)] 1.93(0.92,3.61) 2.38(1.35,3.84) Z=-1.584 0.113
表2 非大梗死核心(梗死核心<50 mL)急性缺血性脑卒中中功能独立与非功能独立患者的临床资料、神经影像学特征及实验室检查指标比较
项目 功能独立组(n=335) 非功能独立组(n=308) 统计值 P
年龄[岁,MQ1Q3)] 62.00(54.00,71.00) 70.00(60.00,77.00) Z=-6.247 <0.001
男性[例(%)] 227(67.76) 167(54.22) χ2=12.399 <0.001
高血压史[例(%)] 208(62.09) 206(66.88) χ2=1.608 0.205
糖尿病史[例(%)] 60(17.91) 67(21.75) χ2=1.495 0.221
脑卒中史[例(%)] - 0.590
301(89.85) 271(87.99)
缺血性 32(9.55) 33(10.71)
出血性 2(0.60) 4(1.30)
心房颤动史[例(%)] 90(26.87) 118(38.31) χ2=9.606 0.002
入院时收缩压[mmHg,MQ1Q3)] 128.00(114.00,144.00) 128.00(113.00,144.00) Z=-0.129 0.897
入院时舒张压(mmHg,
±s
75.52±14.50 74.22±15.82 t=-1.089 0.277
基线NIHSS评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 11.00(8.00,15.00) 15.00(10.00,20.00) Z=-7.486 <0.001
发病至入院时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 300.00(125.00,548.00) 312.00(141.00,580.00) Z=-0.202 0.840
血管穿刺至再灌注时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 70.00(49.00,87.00) 82.00(58.00,101.00) Z=-3.971 <0.001
入院至血管穿刺时间[min,MQ1Q3)] 106.00(83.00,140.00) 105.00(82.00,142.00) Z=-0.093 0.926
半暗带体积[mL,MQ1Q3)] 94.80(50.08,134.19) 99.70(50.98,132.00) Z=-0.455 0.649
错配比[MQ1Q3)] 8.67(3.58,26.00) 5.23(3.26,14.59) Z=-3.777 <0.001
mTICI[例(%)] χ2=27.442 <0.001
0~2a级 9(2.69) 43(13.96)
2b~3级 326(97.31) 265(86.04)
sICH并发症[例(%)] 9(2.69) 53(17.21) χ2=43.308 <0.001
脑卒中病因[例(%)] χ2=13.682 0.003
动脉粥样硬化 170(50.75) 154(50.00)
心源性栓塞 98(29.25) 119(38.64)
原因不明 40(11.94) 26(8.44)
其他原因 27(8.06) 9(2.92)
血糖[mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 6.92(6.04,8.44) 7.85(6.57,8.61) Z=-3.699 <0.001
白细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 8.24(6.71,9.51) 8.60(6.58,10.05) Z=-1.281 0.200
中性粒细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 6.47(4.71,7.60) 6.79(5.01,8.45) Z=-2.133 0.033
淋巴细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.29(0.97,1.69) 1.23(0.85,1.60) Z=-2.842 0.004
单核细胞计数[×109/L,MQ1Q3)] 0.40(0.30,0.48) 0.39(0.29,0.48) Z=-0.404 0.686
NLR[MQ1Q3)] 4.63(3.07,6.86) 5.27(4.02,8.93) Z=-3.521 <0.001
LMR[MQ1Q3)] 3.50(2.74,4.45) 3.32(2.27,4.24) Z=-2.806 0.005
SIRI[MQ1Q3)] 1.88(1.09,2.65) 2.00(1.34,3.39) Z=-3.153 0.002
表3 影响大梗死核心(梗死核心≥50 mL)急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
表4 影响非大梗死核心(梗死核心<50 mL)急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
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