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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (05) : 435 -440. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2025.05.011

基础研究

川蛭通络胶囊对慢性脑低灌注小鼠认知功能的影响
李欣儒, 郭文娟, 严颜, 魏明清, 倪敬年, 龙子弋, 李婷()   
  1. 100007 北京中医药大学东直门医院脑病三科
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2025-10-01
  • 通信作者: 李婷
  • 基金资助:
    “解码中医”协同攻关项目(BZY-JMZY-2022-002)

Effects of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsules on cognitive function in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Xinru Li, Wenjuan Guo, Yan Yan, Mingqing Wei, Jingnian Ni, Ziyi Long, Ting Li()   

  1. The Third Department of Brain Disorders, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100007, China
  • Received:2025-03-27 Published:2025-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Ting Li
引用本文:

李欣儒, 郭文娟, 严颜, 魏明清, 倪敬年, 龙子弋, 李婷. 川蛭通络胶囊对慢性脑低灌注小鼠认知功能的影响[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 435-440.

Xinru Li, Wenjuan Guo, Yan Yan, Mingqing Wei, Jingnian Ni, Ziyi Long, Ting Li. Effects of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsules on cognitive function in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(05): 435-440.

目的

研究川蛭通络胶囊对慢性脑低灌注小鼠认知功能的影响。

方法

实验小鼠按照随机数字表分为假手术组和手术组。假手术组小鼠(n=15)仅分离两侧迷走神经;手术组采用双侧颈总动脉缩窄法(BCAS)制备慢性脑低灌注小鼠模型(n=40),并采用随机数字表法将术后存活小鼠随机分为模型组(n=15)和治疗组(n=15)。手术2 d后,治疗组给予药物溶液0.2 mL/d灌胃,假手术组及模型组均给予等体积0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃,连续灌胃56 d。采用Morris水迷宫实验评价各组小鼠认知功能的变化,测试第1~5天测量并记录小鼠总游泳距离和逃避潜伏期,测试第6天移除水池内平台,记录小鼠穿越原平台的次数;在灌胃第1、28、56天,分别从假手术组、模型组和治疗组中随机挑选5只小鼠,应用激光散斑对比成像检测小鼠脑血流量,计算低灌注区占比。采用单因素方差分析、Welch's ANOVA或非参数检验分析3组小鼠在Morris水迷宫实验中每日总游泳距离、逃避潜伏期、移除平台后穿越平台次数及术后不同时间点脑血流量和低灌注区占比的差异。

结果

Morris水迷宫实验结果显示:与假手术组相比,模型组小鼠测试第3~5天总游泳距离均显著延长[第3天:(8803.63±1742.95)mm vs(6398.75±2305.12)mm;第4天:(8564.95±1995.25)mm vs(5507.28±3222.72)mm;第5天:9409.64(8294.94,9856.15)mm vs 5010.19(4265.66,6574.47) mm],第1~5天逃避潜伏期均显著延长[第1天:60.00(60.00,60.00)s vs 49.69(44.47,60.00)s;第2天:60.00(45.82,60.00)s vs 42.61(27.83,46.94)s;第3天:52.78(47.21,60.00)s vs 28.19(24.44,38.18)s;第4天:54.16(42.63,60.00)s vs 25.09(17.73,32.38)s;第5天:(51.54±6.27)s vs(30.18±10.34)s],第6天穿越平台次数显著减少[0.33(0.33,0.67)次vs 1.67(1.33,2.00)次],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.071,P=0.004;t=3.067,P=0.004;H=4.226,P<0.001;H=3.207,P=0.004;H=3.532,P=0.001;H=4.512,P<0.001;H=3.894,P<0.001;t=5.825,P<0.001;H=4.758,P<0.001);与模型组小鼠相比,治疗组第2、5天总游泳距离均显著缩短[第2天:(8306.97±1453.64)mm vs(9632.02±1269.81)mm;第5天:5833.10(3777.55,7606.50)mm vs 9409.64(8294.94,9856.15)mm],第5天逃避潜伏期显著缩短[(34.73±12.51)s vs(51.54±6.27)s],第6天穿越平台次数显著增多[1.33(0.67,1.33)次vs 0.33(0.33,0.67)次],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.659,P=0.033;H=3.447,P=0.002;t=5.128,P<0.001;H=2.579,P=0.030)。激光散斑对比成像结果显示:与假手术组相比,在灌胃第1、28、56天,模型组小鼠的脑血流量均有所降低[灌胃第1天:(65.07±15.85)PU vs(162.20±15.86)PU;灌胃第28天:(106.51±23.35)PU vs(192.89±16.46)PU;灌胃第56天:108.72(90.35,121.28)PU vs 170.75(141.07,180.06)PU],低灌注区占比均显著升高[灌胃第1天:(59.43±12.82)% vs (23.26±2.08)%;灌胃第28天:(44.12±3.38)% vs(17.33±1.65)%;灌胃第56天:35.06%(31.78%,40.26%) vs 22.54%(19.21%,23.08%)],差异均有统计学意义(t=8.770,P<0.001;t=7.943,P<0.001;H=2.616,P=0.027;t=6.241,P=0.006;t=17.327,P<0.001;H=3.394,P=0.002);与模型组相比,治疗组小鼠脑低灌注区占比在第28天显著小于模型组[(33.37±1.95)% vs(44.12±3.38)%],差异有统计学意义(t=6.952,P<0.001)。

结论

川蛭通络胶囊可改善BCAS术后小鼠慢性脑低灌注状态,改善其认知功能障碍。

Objective

To investigate the effect of Chuanzhi Tongluo caspules on the cognitive function in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Methods

Mice were randomly divided into a sham-operated group (n=15) and an operation group. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was induced in the operation group (n=40) via bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). The operation group was further randomized into a model group (n=15) and a treatment group (n=15). Starting 2 days after BCAS surgery, the treatment group received 0.2 mL of drug solution daily by gavage for 56 days, while the sham and model groups received equal volumes of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze test, measuring total swimming distance and escape latency on days 1-5, and recording platform crossings on day 6 after platform removal. Cerebral blood flow was measured using laser speckle contrast imaging in 5 randomly selected mice per group at 1, 28, and 56 days post-gavage. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Welch's ANOVA, or non-parametric tests for between-group comparisons.

Results

Morris water maze results showed that compared with the sham group, mice in the model group swam significantly longer distances on days 3-5 [day 3: (8803.63±1742.95) mm vs (6398.75±2305.12) mm, t=3.071, P=0.004; day 4: (8564.95±1995.25) mm vs (5507.28±3222.72) mm, t=3.067, P=0.004; day 5: 9409.64 (8294.94, 9856.15) mm vs 5010.19(4265.66, 6574.47) mm, H=4.226, P<0.001], had significantly longer escape latencies on days 1-5 [day 1: 60.00(60.00, 60.00) s vs 49.69(44.4700, 60.00) s, H=3.207, P=0.004; day 2: 60.00(45.82, 60.00) s vs 42.61(27.83, 46.94) s, H=3.532, P=0.001; day 3: 52.78(47.21,60.00) s vs 28.19(24.44,38.18) s, H=4.512, P<0.001; day 4: 54.16(42.63, 60.00) s vs 25.09(17.73, 32.38) s, H=3.894, P<0.001; day 5: (51.54±6.27) s vs (30.18±10.34) s, t=5.825, P<0.001], and crossed platforms significantly fewer times on day 6 [ 0.33(0.33, 0.67) times vs 1.67(1.33, 2.00) times, H=4.758, P<0.001]. Compared with the model group mice, mice in the treatment group had significantly shorter distances on day 2 and day 5 [ Day 2: (8306.97±1453.64) mm vs (9632.02±1269.81) mm, t=2.659, P=0.033; Day 5: 5833.10(3777.55, 7606.50) mm vs 9409.64(8294.94, 9856.15) mm, H=3.447, P=0.002], significantly shorter mean escape latencies on day 5 [(34.73±12.51) s vs (51.54±6.27) s, t=5.128, P<0.001], and higher times of crossing the platform on day 6 [1.33(0.67, 1.33) times vs 0.33(0.33, 0.67) times, H=2.579, P=0.030]. The results of laser speckle contrast imaging showed that compared with the sham group, cerebral blood flow was reduced in the model group of mice on days 1, 28, and 56 of gavage [day 1: (65.07±15.85) PU vs (162.20±15.86) PU, t=8.770, P<0.001; day 28: (106.51±23.35) PU vs (192.89±16.46) PU, t=7.943, P<0.001; day 56: 108.72(90.35, 121.28) PU vs 170.75(141.07, 180.06) PU, H=2.616, P=0.027]. The percentage of cerebral hypoperfused area were all significantly higher [day 1: (59.43±12.82)% vs (23.26±2.08)%, t=2.641, P=0.006; day 28: (44.12±3.38)% vs (17.33±1.65)%, t=17.327, P<0.001; day 56: 35.06%(31.78%, 40.26%) vs 22.54%(19.21%,23.08%), H=3.394, P=0.002]. The percentage of cerebral hypoperfused area in mice in the treatment group was significantly less than that in the model group on day 28 [(33.37±1.95)% vs (44.12±3.38)%, t=6.952, P<0.001].

Conclusion

Chuanzhi Tongluo caspules can ameliorate the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion state and cognitive dysfunction in mice after BCAS.

表1 各组小鼠Morris水迷宫实验的第1~5天总游泳距离比较(mm)
表2 各组小鼠测试第1~5天的逃避潜伏期和撤台后穿越平台次数比较
表3 小鼠双侧颈总动脉缩窄法术后不同时间点脑血流量和低灌注区占比比较
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