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中华脑血管病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 432 -439. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9248.2026.04.012

循证医学

基于两样本孟德尔随机化分析甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中的因果关系
穆巴拉克·伊力哈木, 纪蒙, 秦伟, 胡文立, 王朝东, 鲁明()   
  1. 100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-17 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 鲁明

Causal effects of thyroid function on ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Yilihamu Mubalake, Meng Ji, Wei Qin, Wenli Hu, Chaodong Wang, Ming Lu()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2026-04-17 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Ming Lu
引用本文:

穆巴拉克·伊力哈木, 纪蒙, 秦伟, 胡文立, 王朝东, 鲁明. 基于两样本孟德尔随机化分析甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中的因果关系[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 432-439.

Yilihamu Mubalake, Meng Ji, Wei Qin, Wenli Hu, Chaodong Wang, Ming Lu. Causal effects of thyroid function on ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 432-439.

目的

通过两样本孟德尔随机化(MR)分析验证甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中的因果关系。

方法

通过公共全基因组关联分析数据库,以甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退症、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)作为暴露,以缺血性脑卒中及其他3种急性卒中Org 10172治疗试验(TOAST)病因分型(即大动脉粥样硬化型脑卒中、心源性栓塞型脑卒中、小动脉闭塞型脑卒中)作为结局,筛选出与之相关的单核苷酸多态性作为工具变量,通过两样本MR分析探索甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中的因果关联。

结果

MR分析结果显示:遗传预测的甲状腺功能亢进症与小动脉闭塞型脑卒中风险增加存在潜在因果关联(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.02~1.18,P=0.016),而遗传预测的甲状腺功能减退症与整体缺血性脑卒中风险降低相关(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93~0.99,P=0.007)。此外,较高的TSH水平与较低的心源性栓塞型脑卒中风险相关(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.79~0.95,P=0.004)。敏感性分析支持了结果的稳健性。

结论

甲状腺功能亢进症可能是小动脉闭塞型脑卒中的潜在风险因素,而甲状腺功能减退症与高TSH水平可能对特定脑卒中亚型具有保护作用。

Objective

To investigate the causal relationship between thyroid function and ischemic stroke using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods

Genetic instruments in the form of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) strongly associated with exposures—hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and free thyroxine (FT4)—were selected from publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases. Outcomes comprised ischemic stroke and its three etiological subtypes according to the trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) classification: large-artery atherosclerotic stroke, cardioembolic stroke, and small-artery occlusion stroke. A two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess causal associations between thyroid function traits and ischemic stroke outcomes.

Results

Genetically predicted hyperthyroidism was potentially causally associated with an increased risk of small-artery occlusion stroke (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.02 – 1.18, P=0.016). Conversely, genetically predicted hypothyroidism was linked to a reduced overall risk of ischemic stroke (OR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.93 – 0.99, P=0.007). Additionally, higher genetically determined TSH levels were associated with a lower risk of cardioembolic stroke (OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.79 – 0.95, P=0.004). Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these findings.

Conclusion

Hyperthyroidism may represent a potential risk factor for small-artery occlusion stroke, whereas hypothyroidism and elevated TSH levels might exert protective effects against specific ischemic stroke subtypes.

图1 甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中孟德尔随机化研究的设计流程 注:IV为工具变量;甲亢为甲状腺功能亢进症;甲减为甲状腺功能减退症;TSH为促甲状腺激素;FT4为游离甲状腺素;SNP为单核苷酸多态性
表1 甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中孟德尔随机化研究中的全基因组关联分析数据信息
图2 孟德尔随机化不同方法的分析结果。图a为甲状腺功能亢进症(简称“甲亢”)与缺血性脑卒中风险的关系分析;图b为甲状腺功能减退症(简称“甲减”)与缺血性脑卒中风险的关系分析;图c为促甲状腺激素(TSH)与缺血性脑卒中风险的关系分析;图d为游离甲状腺素(FT4)与缺血性脑卒中风险的关系分析 注:IVW为逆方差加权法;WME为加权中位数分析法
图3 各单核苷酸多态性(SNP)对甲状腺功能和缺血性脑卒中风险的效应。图a为甲状腺功能亢进症(简称“甲亢”)的工具变量(IV)对暴露及小动脉闭塞型脑卒中风险的效应;图b为甲状腺功能减退症(简称“甲减”)的IV对暴露及缺血性脑卒中风险的效应;图c为促甲状腺激素(TSH)的IV对暴露及心源性栓塞型脑卒中风险的效应
图4 不同甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中及其他亚型的留一分析结果。图a为甲状腺功能亢进症(简称“甲亢”)单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与小动脉闭塞型脑卒中的效应分析;图b为甲状腺功能减退症(简称“甲减”)SNP与缺血性脑卒中的效应分析;图c为促甲状腺激素(TSH)SNP与心源性栓塞型脑卒中的效应分析
表2 不同甲状腺功能与缺血性脑卒中及其他亚型的敏感性分析结果
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